Abstract: Stroke is a major public health challenge in China, and its prevention and control requires close coordination among three key links: surveillance, evaluation, and intervention. While considerable progress has been made in China’s stroke prevention and control in the construction of surveillance networks and indicator systems, the development of stroke centers and emergency networks, and the implementation of high-risk population screening and medical quality control, persistent gaps in the linkage among these components still limit the efficiency of the current prevention and control pathway. From a public health practice perspective, this paper reviews the status and achievements of the three components. The surveillance system has been initially established with an expanding range of surveillance indicators, yet it faces challenges such as information silos, uneven coverage, and variable data quality. Evaluation has progressed from descriptive analysis to process assessment, but still requires improvement in systematic framework, locally validated tools, and translation into decision-making. Intervention has seen continuous enhancement of acute care systems, yet multi-sectoral collaboration, closed-loop management of high-risk populations, and post-acute care continuity need further strengthening. To address these issues, this paper proposes a whole-chain optimization strategy that includes institutional coordination to break down sectoral barriers, resource reallocation to bridge urban-rural gaps, technological empowerment to improve precision, and payment reform to drive service integration. These measures aim to shift stroke prevention and control from “technical correctness” to “practical effectiveness”, providing a reference for refining China’s public health pathway for stroke control.

Key words: Stroke; Public health practice; Surveillance system; Evaluation; Intervention

摘要： 卒中是我国面临的一项重大公共卫生挑战，其防控需要监测、评估、干预三个环节紧密衔接。当前，我国卒中防控在监测网络与指标体系构建、卒中中心与急救网络建设、高危人群筛查与医疗质量控制等方面已取得了长足的进展，但各环节之间的衔接仍存在不足，这制约了整体防控路径的效率。本文从公共卫生实践出发，系统梳理以上环节的建设现状与成效：监测体系虽然已初步建成且监测指标不断拓宽，但仍面临信息壁垒、覆盖不均衡和数据质量参差等现实挑战；评估环节已从描述性分析向过程评估拓展，但其在系统框架、本土化工具及决策转化方面仍有提升空间；干预方面，卒中急性期的救治体系持续完善，但多部门协作、高危人群闭环管理及急性期后的服务衔接仍需加强。针对这些问题，本文提出以制度协同打破部门壁垒、以资源下沉缩小城乡差距、以技术赋能提高精准度、以支付改革引导服务整合等全链条优化策略，推动卒中防控从“技术正确”走向“实践有效”，为完善我国卒中防控的公共卫生路径提供参考。

关键词: 卒中; 公共卫生实践; 监测体系; 评估; 干预