Mechanisms and Clinical Significance of Protein Glycosylation Modification in Acute Ischemic Stroke

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.08.014

Abstract

Abstract: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is associated with high disability and mortality rates. Protein glycosylation, as a post-translational modification, plays an important regulatory role in the pathological progression of AIS. This article provides a comprehensive review of the research on AIS conducted over the past five years. It systematically summarizes the core mechanisms of protein glycosylation modification (mainly O-glycosylation and N-glycosylation) in AIS. These mechanisms include the regulation of neuronal excitotoxicity via modulation of key proteins such as N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, the exertion of neuroprotective effects through regulation of mitochondrial function and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and the involvement in neuroinflammation by affecting microglial polarization and inflammatory factor secretion. In terms of clinical significance, glycoproteins and their glycosylation profiles hold promise as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis, risk stratification, and prognostic assessment of AIS. Drug interventions targeting glycosylation regulatory enzymes have also shown favorable neuroprotective effects in animal models. Protein glycosylation modification has important prospects as a new therapeutic target for AIS, although further clinical studies are still required to validate the underlying mechanisms.

Key words: Acute ischemic stroke; Protein glycosylation modification; Inflammatory response; Blood-brain barrier

摘要： 急性缺血性卒中（acute ischemic stroke，AIS）具有高致残率和高死亡率，蛋白质糖基化作为翻译后修饰，在AIS病理进展中发挥着重要的调控作用。本文回顾近五年AIS相关研究，系统综述了蛋白质糖基化修饰（以O-糖基化、N-糖基化为主）在AIS中的核心作用机制，包括通过调控N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体等关键蛋白参与神经元兴奋性毒性调控，通过调节线粒体功能与内质网应激发挥神经保护作用，以及通过影响小胶质细胞极化和炎症因子分泌参与神经炎症调节。在临床意义方面，糖蛋白及其糖基化谱有望成为AIS早期诊断、风险分层和预后评估的潜在生物标志物，靶向糖基化调控酶的药物干预在动物模型中亦显示出良好的神经保护效果。蛋白质糖基化修饰作为AIS防治的新靶点具有重要前景，但相关机制仍需更多临床研究加以验证。

关键词: 急性缺血性卒中; 蛋白质糖基化修饰; 炎症反应; 血脑屏障

CLC Number:

WU Meiyan, ZHANG Fan. Mechanisms and Clinical Significance of Protein Glycosylation Modification in Acute Ischemic Stroke[J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2026, 21(8): 1038-1043.

吴美燕, 张帆. 蛋白质糖基化修饰在急性缺血性卒中中的作用机制及临床意义[J]. 中国卒中杂志, 2026, 21(8): 1038-1043.

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URL: https://www.chinastroke.org.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.08.014

https://www.chinastroke.org.cn/EN/Y2026/V21/I8/1038

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