Abstract: Objective To systematically analyze the risk factors of dysphagia in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP database from inception to February, 2020 were retrieved to search for the literatures on risk factors of dysphagia in patients with ischemic stroke. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) score was used to evaluate the quality of literatures, and the literatures with NOS ≥7 points were included in this analysis. The data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3. If there was no heterogeneity in the influencing factors, fixed effects model was used; if there was heterogeneity, random effects model was used. Results A total of 9 literatures were included, with a sample size of 4095, including 981 patients (23.96%) with dysphagia. The meta-analysis showed that the age (MD 4.98, 95%CI 3.84-6.11, P <0.001), hypertension (OR 2.21, 95%CI 1.44-3.38, P <0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR 1.79, 95%CI 1.36-2.36, P <0.001) and brainstem stroke (OR 2.07, 95%CI 1.31-3.26, P =0.002) were independent risk factors for dysphagia. Conclusions Elder age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and brainstem stroke are independent risk factors for dysphagia in patients with ischemic stroke.

Key words: Ischemia stroke; Dysphagia; Risk factor; Meta-analysis

摘要： 目的 系统分析缺血性卒中患者发生吞咽障碍的危险因素。 方法 计算机检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方、维普等数据库， 检索建库至2020年2月关于缺血性卒中患者发生吞咽障碍危险因素的文献。采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量 表对文献质量进行评价，纳入该量表≥7分的文献。采用RevMan 5.3软件进行meta分析，先对各影响 因素进行异质性评估，如无异质性，采用固定效应模型分析；如存在异质性，则采用随机效应模型分 析，计算各影响因素的合并MD 值或OR 值及95%CI。 结果 共纳入9篇文献，合计样本量为4095例，其中发生吞咽障碍患者981例（23.96%）。经 m eta分析结果显示，年龄（MD 4.98，95%CI 3.84～6.11，P ＜0.001）、高血压（OR 2.21，95%CI 1.44～3.38，P ＜0.001）、糖尿病（OR 1.79，95%CI 1.36～2.36，P＜0.001）、脑干卒中（OR 2.07， 95%CI 1.31～3.26，P =0.002）是缺血性卒中患者发生吞咽障碍的独立危险因素。 结论 对于缺血性卒中患者，年龄增长、高血压、糖尿病及脑干卒中是发生吞咽障碍的独立危险 因素，临床中应注意评估和早期干预吞咽障碍的危险因素。

关键词: 缺血性卒中; 吞咽障碍; 危险因素; meta分析