Abstract: Objective To investigate the risk factors of symptomatic intracranial stenosis.Methods Total 136 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled during Aprilto December in 2006 at Tiantan hospital. All stenosis vessels were found by digital subtractionangiography (DSA) or transcranial Doppler (TCD) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)examination. Of the 136 patients, 63(46%) were found to have the evidence of intracranial medianstenosis (defined as case group), 73(54%) patients had no obvious stenosis(defined as controlgroup). Risk factors of cerebrovascular disease were comparatively investigated between the 2groups. The variables included the demographic characteristics, past medical history, such ashypertension, diabetes, lipid disorders, homocysteine, ischemic cardiac disease, atrial fibrillation,smoking, alcohol drinking, prolonged sitting lifestyle and body mass index (BMI).Results Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between 2 groupsin hypertension, lipid disorders, ischemic cardiac disease and smoking. Multivariable logisticstepwise regression analysis found the hypertension (OR=2.631, 95%CI 1.124-6.160, P =0.026)and lipid disorders(OR=2.255, 95%CI 1.060-4.797, P =0.035) were independent risk factors ofsymptomatic intracranial stenosis with acute ischemic stroke.Conclusion The study suggests that hypertension, lipid disorders may be independent risk factorsof sympotomatic intracranial stenosis, and we need large cohort studies to confirm it.

Key words: Intracranial stenosis; Acute ischemic stroke; Risk factor; Digital subtractionangiography(DSA); Transcranial Doppler(TCD); Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)

摘要： 目的 探讨颅内动脉狭窄的危险因素。方法 2006年4月～12月连续收集急性缺血性卒中患者136例，所有病例均行脑血管数字减影血管造影（DSA）或经颅多普勒超声（TCD）联合磁共振血管成像（MRA）确定是否存在颅内血管狭窄。63例（46.3%）颅内动脉存在中度以上狭窄患者作为病例组，73例（53.7%）无明显颅内动脉狭窄患者作为对照组，对两组患者的危险因素进行统计学分析。研究变量包括人口学因素、既往病史及个人史。结果 单变量分析发现两组患者间高血压、脂代谢紊乱、缺血性心脏病、吸烟史水平间差别有显著性意义（P <0.05）；多元logistic回归分析发现，高血压病（OR =2.631，95%CI 1.124～6.160，P =0.026）、脂代谢紊乱（OR =2.255，95%CI 1.060～4.797，P =0.035）是颅内动脉狭窄的独立危险因素。结论 高血压、脂代谢紊乱可能是导致颅内动脉狭窄形成的独立危险因素，应进行大样本的队列研究加以证实。

关键词: 颅内动脉狭窄; 急性缺血性卒中; 危险因素; 血管造影; 磁共振血管成像; 经颅多普勒超声（TCD）