Table of Content

20 November 2022, Volume 17 Issue 11

Previous Issue    Next Issue

DNA Methylation and Cerebrovascular Diseases

QIU Xin, LI Zixiao

2022, 17(11):  1159-1161.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.001

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1687KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Epigenomics

LI Zixiao

2022, 17(11):  1162-1162. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1563KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

DNA Methylation Changes in Atherosclerotic Diseases

YI Luo, ZHOU Hongyu, QIU Xin, LI Zixiao, WANG Yongjun

2022, 17(11):  1163-1170.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.002

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1812KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease. Previous studies have found that DNA methylation plays a crucial regulatory role in the occurrence and progression of atherosclerotic plaques, with a cell-specific pattern in different stages of the progression. This article reviewed the DNA methylation changes in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques and peripheral blood immune cells in patients with atherosclerotic disease, and summarized DNA methylation changes in patients with atherosclerotic stroke, to provide new ideas for clinical prevention and treatment of CVD and exploring new targets.

Progress of the Relationship between Epigenetics and Oxidative Stress after Ischemic Stroke

WANG Yubo, LI Zixiao, WANG Yongjun

2022, 17(11):  1171-1177.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.003

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1815KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Imbalance of oxidative stress after ischemic stroke is associated with increased disability risk and poor functional outcome. Studies have shown that epigenetic regulation can influence oxidative stress through DNA methylation and histone modification, which plays a critical role in stroke progression. This article summarized the role of epigenetic regulation in the process of oxidative stress after stroke, to provide new ideas for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

Relationship between BDNF and SLC6A4 Gene Methylation and the Prognosis of Stroke

YAN Ran, MIN Yan, QUAN Kehua, LI Zixiao

2022, 17(11):  1178-1182.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.004

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1800KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Previous studies have shown that the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene and serotonin reuptake transporter coding gene (SLC6A4) may play an important role in improving the clinical prognosis of stroke through several approaches, and their expression are regulated by DNA methylation. Methylation of BDNF promoter will lead to the decrease of BDNF, which can affect post-stroke functional recovery through inhibiting cell adhesion, proliferation, angiogenesis and other mechanisms; BDNF methylation is related to neuroplasticity, which may explain its effect on post-stroke rehabilitation; BDNF methylation may enhance the fear reflex in the amygdala and hippocampus, resulting in stroke patients more prone to anxiety and depression. Hypermethylation of SLC6A4 promoter may lead to the 5-HT axis dysfunction, which promotes cerebral and peripheral platelet aggregation and local vasoconstriction, thus increasing the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular events; and SLC6A4 methylation may affect stroke rehabilitation by affecting motor cortex excitability, neuroplasticity and the release of inflammatory factors and immune mediators; and it may be related to post-stroke depression by affecting the plasticity of hippocampal neurons and the balance of kynurenine axis and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This article mainly reviewed the effect of methylation of BDNF and SLC6A4 genes on the prognosis of stroke and the possible mechanism.

Progress of the Relationship between DNA Methylation and Type 2 Diabetes

CUI Lingyun, QIU Xin, ZHOU Hongyu, LI Zixiao, WANG Yongjun

2022, 17(11):  1183-1188.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.005

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1782KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common risk factors for ischemic stroke, and its pathogenesis has not yet been elucidated. Several studies in recent years showed that epigenetics can explain part risks of type 2 diabetes. Epigenetics includes DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNA, etc. Among them, DNA methylation is an important mechnism, and is also the earliest and most widely studied mechanism. This article introduced the research progress of DNA methylation in pathophysiological mechanism, environmental factors, risk factors and complications related to type 2 diabetes, discussed the clinical prospect of DNA methylation for type 2 diabetes prediction and diagnosis, and proposed the possibility of promoting primary and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke by studying DNA methylation in depth.

The Effect of Machine Learning Model for Predicting Stroke Risk in the General Population Based on Structured Data: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

DENG Yuhan, LIU Shuang, WANG Ziyao, WANG Yuxin, LIU Baohua

2022, 17(11):  1189-1197.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.006

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2309KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To evaluate the effect of machine learning algorithms in predicting risk of stroke in the general population based on structured data through systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods  The relevant literatures on stroke risk prediction by machine learning were retrieved from the database including the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Embase before June 21, 2021. Two researchers screened, extracted the data and evaluated the publication bias independently. MedCalc  software and random effect model were used to make meta-analysis, and subgroup analysis was made according to sample size, number of variables, machine learning algorithm type, prediction time, and etc. Publication bias and sensitivity analysis were also conducted.
Results  A total of 11 literatures were included, with 3 articles of high bias risk, 6 articles of unknown bias risk and 2 articles of low bias risk. The data sources included electronic health records, health insurance databases and so on. The median prediction time interval was 3 years, and the median number of variables and samples were 26 and 8175, respectively. The most frequently used machine learning models included neural network, random forest and support vector machine. Meta-analysis showed the pooled AUC was 0.745 (95%CI 0.712-0.778, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the AUC had statistical differences for different sample sizes and number of variables (95%CI not overlapping), while the AUC had no statistical differences for different algorithms and prediction time (95%CI overlapping). Funnel plot and statistical testing showed the literatures all had publication bias (P=0.050), and the sensitivity analysis indicated that the pooled AUC was 0.746 (95%CI 0.714-0.777, P<0.001) excluding the outliers.
Conclusions  The effect of machine learning algorithm in predicting stroke risk of the general population based on structured data was general, and the quality of relevant literatures was not high. So the prediction models need to be improved to enhance the prediction ability in practical application.




Application of Intelligent "Assessment-Decision-Control" System for Pressure Injury in Patients with Severe Cerebrovascular Disease

ZHANG Ran, CAI Weixin, WANG Xiuxiu, YUAN Yuan

2022, 17(11):  1198-1202.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.007

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2095KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To analyze the application effect of pressure injury intelligent "assessment-decision-control" system in severe patients with cerebrovascular disease. 
Methods  The pressure injury management system was optimized, and the severe cerebrovascular disease patients (2448 cases) before system optimization (January 2018-December 2019) were selected as the control group, and the severe cerebrovascular disease patients (3547 cases) after system optimization (January 2020-December 2021) were selected as the observation group. The rate of pressure injury assessment, accuracy rate of risk assessment, accuracy rate of wound assessment, correct rate of wound treatment, and incidence of in-hospital pressure injury within 2 hours of admission were compared between the two groups.
Results  The above indexes results between the two groups were as follows (control vs. observation): the rate of pressure injury assessment was 94.7% vs. 99.0% (χ2=7.3, P=0.007); the correct rate of risk assessment was 89.0% vs. 96.3% (χ2=11.9, P=0.001); the correct rate of wound assessment was 74.0% vs. 90.0% (χ2=4.3, P=0.037); the correct rate of wound treatment was 84.0% vs. 96.0% (χ2=4.0, P=0.046), with all the above differences having statistical significance (P<0.05). The incidence of in-hospital pressure injury in the control group was 0.04% (1/2448), while that in the observation group was 0 (0/3547).
Conclusions  The "assessment-decision-control" system for stress injury can help nurses to assess, judge and record stress injury correctly, and make reasonable clinical nursing decisions.




Effects of Aerobic Cycling Training Intensity on Motor and Cardiopulmonary Fitness in Patients with Ischemic Stroke

LIU Guangliang, HAN Kaiyue, SU Wenlong, ZHANG Hao

2022, 17(11):  1203-1208.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.008

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2116KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To investigate the effects of aerobic cycling training intensity on limb motor function, walking ability and cardiopulmonary fitness in patients with ischemic stroke.
Methods  This prospective study enrolled the consecutive ischemic stroke patients with disease course <1 month, 1-3 months and 4-6 months (60 cases in each course) from September 2019 to September 2020. The subjects in each course were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Both groups underwent aerobic cycling training on the basis of routine rehabilitation, the experimental group received high-intensity training with 50%-80% maximum heart rate, and the control group received low-intensity training with <50% maximum heart rate. Fugl-Meyer assessment-lower extremity (FMA-LE), 6 minute walking test (6MWT), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were used to evaluate before training, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after training.
Results  A total of 180 patients were included in this analysis, with an average age of 63.16±8.33 years, 127 males and 53 females. There were no statistical differences in baseline scores between 2 groups in each course before intervention. For patients with stroke course <1 month, the 6MWT (279.7±67.5 m vs. 221.0±48.2 m, P<0.001), LVEF (63.8%±0.8% vs. 61.9%±0.8%, P=0.036) at 4 weeks of training and the 6MWT (355.6±74.8 m vs. 307.6±69.0 m, P=0.012), LVEF (66.4%±0.8% vs. 62.3%±0.8%, P=0.001) at 8 weeks of training in experimental group were better than that in control group; for patients with stroke course 1-3 months, the 6MWT (297.7±46.5 m vs. 254.0±43.3 m, P<0.001), LVEF (63.3%±0.8% vs. 60.8%±0.8%, P=0.031) at 4 weeks of training and the 6MWT (412.3±64.4 m vs. 349.3±54.2 m, P<0.001), LVEF (65.8%±0.8% vs. 61.7%±0.8%, P<0.001) at 8 weeks of training in experimental group were also better than that in control group. All scores in the two groups with stroke course >3 months all had no statistical differences.
Conclusions  Compared to low-intensity aerobic cycling training, high-intensity aerobic cycling training can effectively improve walking ability and cardiopulmonary fitness in patients with ischemic stroke and stroke course ≤3 months, with a dose-cumulative effect.




Effect of Rehabilitation at Different Timing after Stroke on Motor Function of Stroke Patients

SUN Moyi, ZHANG Yumei, LIU Ran, ZHAO Yishuang

2022, 17(11):  1209-1215.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.009

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2143KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To investigate the effects of rehabilitation at different timing after stroke on motor function of stroke patients.
Methods  Patients with stroke who met the inclusion criteria from Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Neurology of Beijing Zhongguancun Hospital from January 2021 to February 2022 were prospectively enrolled in this study, and the patients were divided into early rehabilitation group and delayed rehabilitation group according to the time of rehabilitation intervention. Patients in early rehabilitation group started rehabilitation within 7 days of onset after stable condition, while patients in delayed rehabilitation group started rehabilitation more than 30 days after onset after stable condition. All the patients were assessed by the same assessor before the rehabilitation, at 1 month ± 7 days and 3 months ± 7 days of rehabilitation using NIHSS, Fugl-Meyer motor assessment (FMA), Berg balance scale (BBS), 6-minute walking test (6MWT), functional gait assessment (FGA), and modified Barthel index (MBI) to assess the neurological fuction, motor function, balance, walking ability and activities of daily living.
Results  A total of 70 patients were included, with 35 cases in each group. Before rehabilitation, there were no statistical differences in the above scores between the two groups. At 1 month ± 7 days and 3 months ± 7 days of rehabilitation, NIHSS decreased and FMA, BBS, 6MWT, FGA and MBI scores increased in both groups compared with those before rehabilitation, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). At 1 month ± 7 days of rehabilitation, the NIHSS in early rehabilitation group was lower than that in delayed rehabilitation group [1.0 (0-2.0) vs. 2.0 (0-6.0), P=0.030], and the 6MWT score was higher than that in delayed rehabilitation group [200.0 (80.0-300.0) m vs. 150.0 (0-230.0) m, P=0.040], while there were no statistical differences in FMA, BBS, FGA and MBI scores between the two groups (P>0.05). At 3 months ± 7 days of rehabilitation, the NIHSS was lower in early rehabilitation group than that in delayed rehabilitation group [0 (0-0) vs. 1.0 (0-4.0), P=0.001], BBS score [54.0 (49.0-56.0) vs. 49.0 (33.0-54.0), P=0.013], 6MWT [320.0 (200.0-430.0) m vs. 210.0 (80.0-360.0) m, P=0.009], FGA score [22.0 (15.0-28.0) vs. 15.0 (5.0-24.0), P=0.015], MBI score [100.0 (95.0-100.0) vs. 90.0 (70.0-100.0), P=0.003] were all higher than those in delayed rehabilitation group, and there was no statistical difference in FMA score between the two groups (P=0.053).
Conclusions  Rehabilitation training can improve the motor function of stroke patients, and the early rehabilitation intervention can improve the neurological function, balance, walking ability and activities of daily living of stroke patients better than delayed rehabilitation.




Clinical Evaluation of Distal Transradial Artery Access for Cerebral Angiography

REN Weichao, MA Ning, ZHANG Yamei, WANG Tiejun

2022, 17(11):  1216-1220.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.010

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2548KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To evaluate the safety and feasibility of distal transradial artery access (dTRA) for cerebral angiography. 
Methods  The clinical data of patients with cerebrovascular diseases who underwent cerebral digital subtraction angiography via dTRA from April to October 2021 in Beijing Daxing District People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.
Results  A total of 150 patients were included, and 142 patients (94.7%) underwent cerebral angiography via dTRA successfully. For the 142 patients, the mean time for puncture was 122.9±77.4 seconds, ranging 55-387 seconds, and the mean time for the procedure was 31.5±7.3 minutes, ranging 20-50 minutes; local hematoma occurred in 2 cases (1.4%), radial artery spasm occurred in 7 cases (4.9%), and thumb numbness ocurred in 8 cases (5.6%), and the rest had  no complications.
Conclusions  Cerebral angiography via dTRA is safe and feasible. Improving the distal radial artery puncture and bandaging can increase the success rate of surgery and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.




Clinical Features of Acute Single Small Cerebellar Infarction

HU Hongmei, YANG Lei, YU Ling, QIN Wei, BAI Mingyue, HU Wenli

2022, 17(11):  1221-1226.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.011

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2106KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To investigate the clinical and imaging features and possible pathogenesis of acute small cerebellar infarction.
Methods  The inpatients with acute cerebellar infarction in Department of Neurology of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2016 to December 2019 were enrolled in this retrospective study. According to the infarction size, the patients were divided into small cerebellar infarct (infarction diameter <2 cm) and large cerebellar infarct (infarction diameter ≥2 cm) groups. The demographics, vascular risk factors, classification of etiology (China ischemic stroke subclassification, CISS), blood pressure at admission, laboratory tests, clinical symptoms and signs, involved vascular territories, vascular stenosis location and white matter lesions between two groups were compared.
Results  A total of 121 patients were included, with 43 cases in small cerebellar infarct group and 78 in large cerebellar infarct group. There was no statistical difference in medical history between the two groups. Compared with large cerebellar infarct group, small cerebellar infarct group had lower percentage of males (51.2% vs. 82.1%, P<0.001), smoking (51.2% vs. 70.5%, P=0.034), lower level of systolic blood pressure (146.2±18.2 mmHg vs.154.6±19.8 mmHg, P=0.022) and fasting blood glucose at admission (6.08±1.98 mmol/L vs.8.12±3.46 mmol/L, P<0.001), and lower incidence of vertigo (32.6% vs. 64.1%, P<0.001) and headache (9.3% vs. 28.2%, P=0.015). There was statistical difference in the distribution of CISS type between the two groups (P<0.001). Although the large artery atherosclerosis was the most common type in both groups, the proportion of large artery atherosclerosis was higher in large cerebellar infarct group (89.7% vs. 48.8%), and the proportion of undetermined etiology was higher in small cerebellar infarct group (32.6% vs. 5.1%). There was statistical difference in involved vascular distribution between the two groups, and posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) was the most commonly involved in both groups. The percentage of involved anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) (20.9% vs. 0) and superior cerebellar artery (SCA) (25.6% vs. 1.3%) were higher in small cerebellar infarct group than that in large cerebellar infarct group, and the multiple vessels involvement was more common in large cerebellar infarct group (47.4%). There was no statistical difference in the degree of posterior circulation vascular stenosis between the two groups.
Conclusions  There was no significant difference in medical history related to vascular risk factors between the patients with small or large cerebellar infarct, and the degree of posterior circulation vascular stenosis was similar, suggesting that the two types of cerebellar infarct may have similar pathogenesis. The incidence of vertigo and headache was lower in patients with small cerebellar infarct, compared to patients with large cerebellar infarct.




Drug Adherence and Influencing Factors in Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease

YANG Hongna, JI Ruijun, YU Kai, HE Yan, XU Lihua, WANG Yongjun

2022, 17(11):  1227-1232.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.012

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2107KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To analyze the adherence of secondary prevention drugs within 3 months after discharge and related influencing factors in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
Methods  The patients with acute cerebral infarction and TIA hospitalized in Department of Neurology of Renqiu Kangji Xintu Hospital from January 2014 to November 2018 were included in the retrospective analysis. The adherence of drugs during hospitalization and 3 months after discharge were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of drug adherence.
Results  A total of 4151 patients were included in this study. The total adherence rate of secondary prevention drugs at 3 months after discharge was 78.8%, and that of all kinds of secondary prevention drugs were as follows: antiplatelet drugs was 89.3%, antihypertensive drugs was 87.5%, lipid-lowering drugs was 86.9% and hypoglycemic drugs was 79.3% and anticoagulants was 56.0%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that being married (OR 1.589, 95%CI 1.304-1.936, P<0.001), history of stroke (OR 1.225, 95%CI 1.037-1.447, P=0.017), history of diabetes (OR 0.570, 95%CI 0.463-0.701, P<0.001) and anticoagulant drug use before stroke or TIA onset (OR 0.192, 95%CI 0.060-0.619, P=0.006), number of drug kinds prescribed at discharge (OR 0.841, 95%CI 0.736-0.960, P=0.010) were independent influencing factors of drug adherence.
Conclusions  Being married, history of stroke, history of diabetes, use of anticoagulants before stroke or TIA onset and number of drug kinds prescribed at discharge were independent influencing factors of secondary prevention drug adherence for patients with ischemic stroke or TIA.




Correlation of Non-Stenotic Carotid Plaque with Anterior Circulation Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source

XU Yingxin, ZHANG Shuang, ZHOU Xiaomei, YUAN Jinglin, ZHAO Liuzhuang, YANG Haihua

2022, 17(11):  1233-1237.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.013

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2132KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To investigate the correlation between anterior circulation embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) and ipsilateral non-stenotic carotid plaque.
Methods  This retrospective study enrolled consecutive patients with anterior circulation ESUS at Department of Neurology of Beijing Daxing District People’s Hospital between January 2017 and May 2022. All the subjects underwent bilateral carotid ultrasonography, to evaluate non-stenotic carotid plaque number, thickness and echotexture. The incidence of non-stenotic carotid plaques, multiple plaques, the percentage of heterogeneous echo, and carotid plaque thickness were analyzed to evaluate the correlation of non-stenotic carotid plaque and anterior circulation ESUS.
Results  A total of 101 ESUS patients were included, with an average age of 60.7±14.1 years and 72 males (71.3%). The incidence of non-stenotic plaques in infarct ipsilateral carotid artery was higher than that in contralateral carotid artery (66.3% vs. 55.4%, P=0.028). The incidence of multiple non-stenotic plaques in infarct ipsilateral carotid artery was higher than that in contralateral carotid artery (41.6% vs. 31.7%, P=0.019). The percentage of patients with mixed-echo plaques in infarct ipsilateral carotid artery was higher than that in contralateral carotid artery (39.6% vs. 23.8%, P<0.001). The mean non-stenotic plaque thickness of infarct ipsilateral carotid artery was greater than that of contralateral carotid artery (2.8 mm vs. 2.1 mm, P<0.001).
Conclusions  For acute ESUS patients, infarct ipsilateral carotid artery was prone to have atherosclerotic plaques compared to contralateral carotid artery; and multiple plaques, vulnerable plaques were more common, and mean plaque thickness was greater, which suggested that ESUS may be correlated to non-stenotic carotid plaque.




Mechanism of Buyanghuanwu Decoction in Treatment of Cerebral Infarction Mice Based on High-Throughput RNA Sequencing Technology

LIU Yajie, LI Yudi, LI Kaifeng, CHEN Zhefeng, LING Li

2022, 17(11):  1238-1246.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.014

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2656KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To explore the mechanism of buyanghuanwu decoction (BYHWD) in treating cerebral infarction mice based on high-throughput RNA sequencing technology.
Methods  The mouse cerebral infarction model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was established by electrocoagulation. The MCAO mice were randomly divided into BYHWD treatment group and control group (n=6, each group). From 1 day after MCAO, 18.59 g/kg BYHWD or equivalent volume distilled water were administered by gavage for consecutive 7 days. Another 6 mice were selected as sham operation group. The modified neurological severity scores (mNSS) was used to evaluate the neurological function of mice in the three groups before treatment and at 7 days after MCAO. High-throughput RNA-sequencing technology was used to analyze the expression profile of differential genes of mice brain tissues in the three groups at 7 days after MCAO operation. Six differential genes were randomly selected and verified by quantitative reverse transcriptase-mediated PCR (qRT-PCR). The differential genes were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway methods to identify the potential biological process and related signaling pathways of genes dysregulation after MCAO and reversed by BYHWD.
Results  Before treatment, there was no statistical difference in the mNSS score between the BYHWD and control groups [5.00 (4.00-5.25) vs. 5.00 (4.00-6.00), P>0.017]. At 7 day after MCAO, the mNSS score in BYHWD group decreased compared with the control group [3.00 (2.75-4.00) vs. 5.00 (4.00-6.00), P<0.017]. Compared with the sham operation group, 134 genes were up-regulated after MCAO and down-regulated by BYHWD treatment, while 19 genes were down-regulated after MCAO and up-regulated by BYHWD treatment. The mRNA expression of Myd88, Map3k8, Il1r1, Lamc2 and Tlr9 increased in control group and decreased in BYHWD group, while Cxcl10 was on the contrary, which were consistent with the results of high-throughput sequencing. GO and KEGG analysis showed that the up-regulated genes after MCAO and reversed by BYHWD treatment were mainly enriched in the biological processes and signaling pathways related to inflammation and cell death, such as “acute inflammatory response, immune regulation, cell death, autophagy” and “IL-17 signaling pathway, Tod-like receptor signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway and NF-Kappa B signaling pathway”, etc. The down-regulated genes after MCAO and reversed by BYHWD treatment were mainly enriched in the biological processes and signaling pathways related to neural plasticity, such as “pyramidal neuron differentiation, positive regulation of synaptic plasticity, synaptic vesicle circulation, neurotransmitter transport” and “retrograde endocannabinoid signal transduction, calcium signal transduction, longevity regulation pathway, long-term enhancement”, etc.
Conclusions  The level of gene expression in ischemic brain tissue of mice changed significantly after acute cerebral infarction. BYHWD can alleviate brain damage and promote neuroplasticity by acting on multiple molecular targets closely related to inflammatory response and neural plasticity, and thus improve neurological function of acute cerebral infarction mice.




Endovascular Treatment of Vertebral Artery Free-Floating Thrombus: Two Cases Report

WANG Lei, ZHOU Chunting, FANG Yang, WANG Zhaohui

2022, 17(11):  1247-1251.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.015

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2313KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics



Recurrent Cerebral Infarction due to Atlas Variation: A Case Report

LIN Qingjin, YANG Yaling, LU Wusheng

2022, 17(11):  1252-1256.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.016

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2165KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics



Progress of Application of 7.0 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Cerebrovascular Diseases

SUO Yue, ZHANG Zhe, XIE Xuewei, KONG Qingle, WANG Yongjun, JING Jing

2022, 17(11):  1257-1263.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.017

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2998KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics



Progress of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluating Penumbra in Ischemic Stroke

CHEN Yang, ZHANG Jing, CHEN Fen, DING Xing, CHEN Kuntao

2022, 17(11):  1264-1270.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.018

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1804KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Acute ischemic stroke is one of the most important causes of acute brain injury, and early detection of salvaged ischemic brain tissue is the key to timely clinical intervention. With the development of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the pathological changes of brain tissue can be comprehensively evaluated from multiple aspects of water molecular diffusion, hemodynamics, oxygenation, pH, metabolism and collateral circulation, which provide more information for evaluating disease progression and prognosis. The article reviewed the progress of fMRI in evaluating ischemic penumbra in acute ischemic stroke, so as to provide imaging evaluation reference for stroke diagnosis and treatment.

Basic Sleep Hygiene Management of Stroke Patients

RUI Ming

2022, 17(11):  1271-1275.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.019

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1719KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Stroke and sleep-wake disorders are both common neurological disorders that co-occur and could be risk factors for each other. The primary prevention measure of stroke is management of risk factors. For sleep-wake disorders, as a risk factor of stroke, in addition to drugs, basic sleep hygiene management is also an indispensable treatment method. The basic sleep hygiene management of stroke patients mainly includes wake-up hygiene, sleep onset hygiene, sleep environment management, mental hygiene and sleep habits improvement. The basic sleep hygiene management can improve treatment effect and quality of life for stroke patients. In the basic health management of sleep for stroke patients, the abnormal sleep-wake related to stroke can be detected early, so as to achieve early diagnosis, early treatment and early recovery. It is a real challenge to explore sleep hygiene management methods for stroke patients, while it has important research value in the fields of neurology and sleep medicine. Now this article summary can provide reference for in-depth research and developing basic sleep hygiene management for stroke patients in the future.

Relationship between Central Insulin Resistance and Cerebrovascular Disease

XU Zhichao, LI Runzhi, MI Donghua

2022, 17(11):  1276-1282.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.020

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1878KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Central insulin is involved in a variety of physiological functions of the brain and affects a variety of behaviors and metabolism. Central insulin resistance is defined as the inability of brain cells to respond to insulin. Central insulin resistance may be caused by down-regulation of insulin receptor expression, failure of insulin receptor to bind insulin, or incorrect activation of insulin signal cascade. There is a close relationship between central insulin resistance and cerebrovascular disease. Central insulin resistance can be assessed by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp combined imaging technology, intranasal administration, ratio of serine phosphorylation to total phosphorylated insulin receptor substrates and determinating IRS-1 level and its phosphorylation status in neurogenic plasma exosomes. Exploring the relationship between central insulin resistance and cerebrovascular disease will help to provide new directions and targets for treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.



Group Sequential Design in Clinical Trials

XU Qin, ZHANG Yijun, TIAN Xue, XIA Xue, ZHANG Xiaoli, LI Jing, WANG Anxin

2022, 17(11):  1283-1287.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2022.11.021

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2100KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In recent years, the group sequential design has been widely used in clinical trials, because this design can draw conclusions in advance and end the trial during the interim analysis, which has greater flexibility. This article briefly introduced this design method from the following aspects of background, design procedure, comparison with traditional clinical trials, application scenarios, case analysis, the key points of design, and reporting standards.



Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine Oral Care Solution in Oral Care of Stroke Patients

FENG Yue

2022, 17(11):  1288-1288. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1558KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics