[1] SMAJLOVI? D. Strokes in young adults：

epidemiology and prevention[J/OL]. Vasc Health

Risk Manag，2015，11：157-164. https：//doi.

org/10.2147/VHRM.S53203.

[2] TAKANO K，SADOSHIMA S，IBAYASHI S，et

al. Altered cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism

in Takayasu's arteritis with neurological deficits[J].

Stroke，1993，24（10）：1501-1506.

[3] BOND K M，NASR D，LEHMAN V，et al.

Intracranial and Extracranial Neurovascular

Manifestations of Takayasu Arteritis[J]. Am J

Neuroradiol，2017，38（4）：766-772.

[4] SKEIK N，RUMERY K K，UDAYAKUMAR

P D，et al. Concurrent Takayasu arteritis with

common variable immunodeficiency and moyamoya

disease[J]. Ann Vasc Surg，2013，27（2）：240.

[5] 张瑞云，王清义，刘红卫，等. 儿童全身多发性大动

脉炎合并烟雾病1例[J]. 中国当代儿科杂志，2011，13

（6）：524-526.

[6] JHA B，KOTHARI M. Pearls & oysters：hyperdense

or pseudohyperdense MCA sign：a Damocles

sword?[J/OL]. Neurology，2009，72（23）：e116-117.

http：//n.neurology.org/content/72/23/e116.

[7] MAIR G，BOYD E V，CHAPPELL F M，et al.

Sensitivity and specificity of the Hyperdense Artery Sign for arterial obstruction in acute ischemic stroke[J]. Stroke，2015，46（1）：102-107.

[8] ZOU M，CHURILOV L，HE A，et al. Hyperdense

middle cerebral artery sign is associated with

increased risk of Hemorrhagic transformation after

intravenous thrombolysis for patients with acute

ischaemic stroke[J]. J Clin Neurosci，2013，20（7）：

984-987.

[9] LI Q，DAVIS S，MITCHELL P，et al. Proximal

hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign predicts

poor response to thrombolysis[J/OL]. PLoS One，

2014，9（5）：e96123. https：//doi.org/10.1371/journal.

pone.0096123.

[10] TOPCUOGLU M A，ARSAVA E M，AKPINAR E.

Clot characteristics on computed tomography and

response to thrombolysis in acute middle cerebral

artery stroke[J]. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis，2015，24

（6）：1363-1372.

[11] PAUL N L，SIMONI M，CHANDRATHEVA A，

et al. Population-based study of capsular warning

syndrome and prognosis after early recurrent TIA[J].

Neurology，2012，79（13）：1356-1362.

[12] MAKITA N，YAMAMOTO Y，NAGAKANE Y，et

al. Very prolonged capsular warning syndrome[J]. J

Neurol Sci，2015，352（1-2）：115-116.

[13] DONNAN G A，O'MALLEY H M，QUANG L，et

al. The capsular warning syndrome：pathogenesis

and clinical features[J]. Neurology，1993，43（5）：

957-962.

[14] LEE J，ALBERS G W，MARKS M P，et al. Capsular

warning syndrome caused by middle cerebral artery

stenosis[J]. J Neurol Sci，2010，296（1-2）：115-120.

[15] YANG L，QIN W，ZHANG X，et al. Infarct

size may distinguish the pathogenesis of lacunar

infarction of the middle cerebral artery territory[J/

OL]. Med Sci Monit，2016，22：211-218. https：//

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4727492/.

doi：[10.12659/MSM.896898].

[16] HWANG J，KIM S J，BANG O Y，et al. Ischemic

Stroke in Takayasu’s Arteritis：Lesion Patterns and

Possible Mechanisms[J]. J Clin Neurol，2012，8（2）：

109-115.

[17] KAMALIAN S，MORAIS L T，POMERANTZ S

R，et al. Clot length Distribution and Predictors in

Anterior Circulation Stroke：Implications for intraarterial

therapy[J]. Stroke，2013，44（12）：3553-

3556.

[18] RIEDEL C H，ZIMMERMANN P，JENSENKONDERING

U，et al. The importance of

size：successful recanalization by intravenous

thrombolysis in acute anterior stroke depends on

thrombus length[J]. Stroke，2011，42（6）：1775-1777.

[19] HEDNA V S，PATEL A，BIDARI S，et al.

Takayasu’s arteritis：is it a reversible disease? case

report and literature review[J/OL]. Surg Neurol

Int，2012，3：132. https：//doi.org/10.4103/2152-

7806.102947.

[20] BARRA L，LIANG P，BENSELER S M，et al.

Variations in the clinical practice of physicians

managing Takayasu arteritis：a nationwide survey[J/

OL]. Open Access Rheumatol，2017，9：91-99. https：

//doi.org/10.2147/OARRR.S132080.

[21] LAURA M R，LUIS C M，JORGE P S，et

al. Teaching NeuroImages：Takayasu arteritis：

Neuroimaging progression after immunosuppressant

treatment[J]. Neurology，2017，88（20）：e192-e193.

https：//doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000003939.