Abstract: Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is the water diffusion imaging technique developed in recent years, which quantitatively reflects the integrity of white matter fiber tracts by the diffusion of water molecules in human brain. It is mainly used to evaluate the integrity of white matter especially the white matter fiber tracts which influenced by neurologic diseases. So far, DTI is the unique examination which can quantitatively reflect the integrity of white matter fiber tracts by the diffusion of water molecules in human brain without any intrusion. This technique can analyze the diffusion characteristic of the affected tissue and normal tissue quantitatively, exhibit the relationship between the intracerebral affections and the white matter fiber tracts directly. Therefore, it provides more information for diagnosis and prognosis of the diseases. This article reviews the principle of DTI and summarizes the current researches of its common clinical application in cerebrovascular diseases.

Key words: Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI); Diffusion; Cerebrovascular disease(CVD)

摘要： 磁共振弥散张量成像（DTI）是一种较新的成像技术，主要用于评估影响脑白质尤其是白质纤维束完整性的疾病，是当前惟一的一种能有效观察和追踪脑白质纤维束的非侵入性检查方法。该技术可定量分析病变组织和正常组织的弥散特征，直观显示颅内病变与白质纤维之间的关系，为诊断疾病和判断预后提供更多的信息。本文就DTI基本原理及其在脑血管病中的临床应用作一概述。

关键词: 磁共振成像; 弥散; 脑血管病