Table of Content

20 September 2012, Volume 7 Issue 09

Previous Issue    Next Issue

主编手记

Sleep

WANG Yong-Jun

2012, 7(09):  679-681. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2592KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

述评

Music and Cognition

PAN Xiao-Ping

2012, 7(09):  683-684. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1447KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

论著

Investigation of Sleep Quality and Correlation Factors of Acute Cerebral Vascular Disease

MEI Chuan;WANG Zhen-Zhen;ZHONG Wei-Li;et al

2012, 7(09):  685-689. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2350KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To study the sleep quality and correlation factors in acute cerebral vascular disease.Methods Two hundred and thirty-three acute cerebral vascular disease patients were evaluated byPittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI), Eysenck personality questionaire(EPQ) and simplified copingstyle questionaire. One hundred and eighty-nine persons of normal control group were evaluated byPSQI.Results The average score of PSQI of the acute cerebral vascular disease patients was 13.12±2.73,and the incidence of sleep disorder(total PSQI score>7 points) was 54.07%. There was significantdifference(P <0.001) between the acute cerebral vascular disease patients and the control groupin the score of the sleep index and six factors of PSQI. The result of logistic regression analysisindicates that age, diseased region and criminal blood vessel were independently associated withthe sleep quality in acute cerebral vascular disease patients.Conclusions Sleep quality is a serious problem in acute cerebral vascular disease patients. It isinfluenced by age, diseased region, criminal blood vessel, personality characteristics and copingstyles.

A Preliminary Study of Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging on Depressed State in Chronic Phase of Cerebral Infarction

ZHANG Tong;XUE Jing;LIANG De-Jun;et al

2012, 7(09):  690-697. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1984KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To study the value of diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) in microstructural changes in brainwhite matter of depressed patients in chronic phase of cerebral infarction and to preliminarily studythe pathogenesis of post-stroke depression(PSD) from the perspective of microstructural changes inbrain white matter.Methods We chose those right-handed patients with first ischemic stroke and infarcts affectedunilateral hemisphere. The patients who are taking antidepressant medication at the time or hada past history of depression were excluded. The demographics and clinical information of allthe patients were collected. At the 90-day follow up, all patients recruited in this part underwentmagnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HRSD) andwere separated into two groups according to the score of HRSD:depressed (HRSD≥8) andnon-depressed(HRSD<8) patient groups in chronic phase of cerebral infarction. The fractionalanisotropy(FA) values and laterality index in different regions were measured automatically by theworkstation and compared between the two groups.Results Thirteen patients in depressed state and 15 patients in non-depressed state in chronicphase of cerebral infarction were involved. Depressed patients in chronic phase of cerebralinfarction exhibited significantly decreased FA values in bilateral middle frontal gyrus, comparedwith non-depressed patients(right:468.77±90.14 vs 565.26±112.33, P =0.02; left:452.15±50.24 vs539.16±85.19, P =0.003). No significant differences were observed in the laterality index of allregions between two groups as well as the bilateral FA values of all areas.Conclusion DTI is a sensitive method for detecting the microstructural changes in brain whitematter of depressed patients in chronic phase of cerebral infarction. Decreased FA values inbilateral middle frontal gyrus of depressed patients in chronic phase of cerebral infarction suggestthat damage to the dorsolateral prefrontal circuit might be one of neurobiological mechanism of thedevelopment of depressed state post-stroke.

Risk Factors for Depression at the Acute Stage of Ischemic Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study

YANG Zhong-Hua;ZHANG Ning;BAI Ying;et al

2012, 7(09):  698-704. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1925KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To explore the independent risk factors of post-stroke depression(PSD) at the acutestage of ischemic stroke in the stroke unit in a prospective cohort study.Methods Eligible inpatients with acute ischemic cerebrovascular diseases within 14 days afteronset were enrolled in this study. Demographic data, past history, associated clinical indicatorsand imaging data were collected. The assessments of neurological deficit and mental scale werecarried out for all the enrolled patients within 14 day after onset, and according to the depressionevaluation, all patients were divided into PSD group and non-PSD group. Demographic data andclinical data were compared between the two groups to analyze the risk factors for depression at theacute stage of ischemic stroke.Results Total of 268 patients were included in this study, 116 in PSD group and 152 in non-PSDgroup. Compared with the non-PSD group, a significantly higher proportion of patients in thePSD group were females, with a history of diabetes, and had impetuous and inward dispositions.The PSD group had significantly higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) andlower Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) score than the non-PSD group on 14 days afteronset. The imaging findings showed that acute infarction at basal ganglia was associated withhigh PSD incidence; the detection rate of encephalatrophy at bilateral medial temporal lobe, rightparietal lobe, and bilateral occipital lobe were significantly higher in PSD group than that in non-PSD group. Gender(P <0.0001, OR 7.064, 95%CI 3.334-14.966) and NIHSS score on 14 daysafter onset(P =0.0020, OR 1.158, 95%CI 1.055-1.272) were the independent risk factors of PSD.Easygoing disposition before onset(P =0.0264, OR 0.447, 95%CI 0.220-0.910) was a protectivefactor for PSD.Conclusion Female-gender and neurological deficit on 14 days after onset are independent riskfactors of PSD. Easygoing disposition before onset is a protective factor for PSD.

Investigation of the Long-time Electroencephalogram of the Patients with Post-stroke Depression

HOU Xiao-Bing;ZHANG Hong-Qiao;ZHOU Quan;et al

2012, 7(09):  705-708. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1745KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To investigate the long-time electroencephalogram(EEG) characteristics of the patientswith post-stroke depression(PSD).Methods We collected 101 patients with PSD, and gave them the long-time EEG test, thencalculated the time of the δ、θ、α、β wave in the first 10 s after the Open-Closed eyes test and theproportion of the sleep stages S1、S2、S3、S4 and rapid eye movement(REM) in the all sleepingtime. All these data were compared with the healthy control group's EEG structure.Results The slow wave(δ and θ wave) increased significantly in PSD group than that in thecontrol group(δ wave P =0.001, θ wave P =0.005), α wave significantly reduced and β wave hadno significant difference. Compared with the healthy control group, the proportion of the sleepstages S2、S3、S4 of PSD group were reduced(the P followed by 0.008, 0.004). The proportion ofthe stage S1 and REM was increased (the P followed by 0.001 and 0.006).Conclusion The slow wave increased in the PSD patients' EEG. The light sleep increased, and themoderate-deep sleep reduced in the PSD patients.

Study of Cerebral Microbleeds in Patients with Ischemic Stroke

ZHANG Ji-Hong;TIAN Kai-Yu;LI Xue-Song;et al

2012, 7(09):  709-714. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1970KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To investigate the frequency and location of cerebral microbleeds(CMBs) in patientswith ischemic stroke, to compare the incidences among subtypes, and to analyze the correlationfactors and the correlation with the number of lacunar infarcts and the severity of white matterchanges(WMC).Methods Two hundred and sixty-one patients with ischemic stroke were recruited consecutively.The included patients were classified into 3 subtypes consist of cardioembolism, large arteryatherosclerosis and small artery occlusion(SAO) according to pathogenesis. The data of the clinicalcharacter and laboratory examination were recorded. The incidence and number of CMBs werestudied on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), the number of lacunar infarction and severity ofWMC were also evaluated.Results Eighty(30.70%) patients were found with CMBs, the number from 1 to 109 whichdistributed at different parts of brain including cortical-subcortical area(46.09%), basalganglia(27.80%). The incidences(53.30%) of SAO was the highest among the subtypes. Logisticregression analysis indicated that hypertension, the number of lacunar infarction and severity ofwhite matter changes may served as the independent risk factors for CMBs. There was correlationbetween the number of CMBs and the number of lacunar infarction or severity of white matterchanges.Conclusion It shows a high frequency of CMBs in patients with ischemic stroke especially in theSAO. CMBs are associated with the number of lacunar infarcts(r =0.519, P <0.001) and severity ofwhite matter changes(r =0.437, P <0.001), which indicated CMBs may be an indicator of advancedsmall artery disease of brain, and the result should be taken into consideration when they are beingtreated.

专题论坛

Mood Disorders after Stroke Should be Emphasized

PAN Xiao-Ping

2012, 7(09):  716-720. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1359KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Research Status of Pathological Laughing and Crying after Stroke

WU Xiao-Qin;LIU Xiao-Jia

2012, 7(09):  721-725. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1361KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Sex Differences in the Prevalence of Post-stroke Depression

XU Li-Min;PAN Xiao-Ping

2012, 7(09):  726-728. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1345KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

病例讨论

An Analysis of One Patient with Post-stroke Depression Comorbidity Panic Disorder

YUAN Yan-Bo;ZHANG Yu-Hu

2012, 7(09):  729-732. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1535KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

指南与规范

American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists’ Guidelines for Management of Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Atherosclerosis(Excerpt Part 1)

SHEN Dong-Chao;WU Shuo-Lin;WU Jia;et al

2012, 7(09):  733-739. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1853KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

综述

Relationship between Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Depression

HU Rong;YANG Song-Ran;PAN Xiao-Ping

2012, 7(09):  742-746. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1466KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The term cerebral small vessel disease refers to a group of pathological processes withvarious aetiologies that affect the small arteries, arterioles, venules, and capillaries of the brain. Thecerebral small vessel disease in imaging are mainly include white matter lesions, lacunar infarctsand microbleeds. It's related to the incidence and prognosis of depression, the main mechanism isthat small vascular lesions destroy the cortico-striato-pallido-thalamo-cortical(CSPTC) systems.This review aims to summarize the relations between the cerebral small vessel disease anddepression respectively from the white matter lesions, brain of lacunar infarcts and microbleeds.

Study on Mild Cognitive Impairment after Stroke and White Matter Lesions

LI Guang-Sheng;YANG Song-Ran;PAN Xiao-Ping

2012, 7(09):  747-752. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1473KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

White matter lesions, leukoaraiosis on structural magnetic resonance imaging, isan important type of cerebral small-vessel disease. Plenty of studies have shown that cognitiveimpairment is closely associated with white matter lesions. Diffusion tensor imaging, whichcan detect microstructural changes in pathological processes, has become an important tool inthe assessment of cognitive impairment after stroke. In this paper the association between mildcognitive impairment after stroke and white matter lesions in recent years was reviewed.