关键词: 虚拟现实; 模拟人; 腰椎穿刺术; 技能培训

Abstract: Objective   To evaluate the effect of virtual reality (VR) combined with simulation mode in the teaching of lumbar puncture for undergraduates. 
Methods   A total of 30 undergraduates in the Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University were randomly divided into VR group, simulation mode group and VR combined simulation mode group with 10 students each. Firstly, one teaching hours of theoretical conducted for three groups. Then VR group received two teaching hours of VR training on lumbar puncture training and simulation mode group received two teaching hours of practical training on lumbar puncture training. VR combined simulation mode group received one teaching hour VR training and one teaching hour simulator training. Theoretical examination and clinical skills were carried out after lumbar puncture training. The subjective evaluation of the students towards the VR lumbar puncture training were analyzed by questionnaires.
Results   After training, the theoretical scores of the VR combined simulation mode group [(80.4±5.0) points vs. (69.5±9.0) points, P=0.005] were significantly higher than simulation mode group. The operating skills scores of VR combined simulation mode group were significantly higher than simulation mode group [(86.4±4.2) points vs. (79.8±3.5) points, P=0.004] and VR group [(86.4±4.2) points vs. (81.3±4.6) points, P=0.028]. The questionnaire showed that around 90% students believed that VR lumbar puncture training could effectively improve their learning interest and practical ability. 
Conclusions   The VR simulation education could effectively improve the student’s achievements of lumbar puncture. The teaching mode of VR combined simulation is better than VR or simulation mode.

Key words: Virtual reality; Simulation mode; Lumbar puncture; Skill training