关键词: 非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变; 危险因素; 性别

Abstract:

Objective To explore the general risk factors of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION). Methods The clinical data of 357 NA-AION patients admitted in Beijing Tongren hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2007 to December 2015 were collected retrospectively. The general risk factors included hypertension, diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance, hyperlipidemia, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), nocturnal hypotension, and so on. The clinical factors and the results of auxiliary examination of different sex were compared and analyzed. Results There were 357 NA-AION cases in our study, including 240 male patients and 117 female patients. The mean age of onset was (50.9±9.5) years old. About 252 cases (70.6%) were monocular involvement, including 162 male patients and 90 female patients. The male cases were significantly more in binocular involvement (32.5% vs 23.1%, P =0.004), hypertension (66.3% vs 53.8%, P =0.003), carotid atherosclerotic plaque (51.3% vs 38.5%, P =0.018) and other atherosclerotic plaques (10.0% vs 2.6%, P =0.021). The female incidence (10.3%) was more than male (4.6%) of heart disease (P =0.039), while coronary atherosclerotic heart disease cases were more in male than in female (45.5% vs 8.3%, P =0.046). OSAS was diagnosed in 108 cases (48.0%), and nocturnal hypoxemia was found in 127 patients (56.4%), and the incidence of the two risk factors were much more in male than female (OSAS: 57.1% vs 32.9%, P <0.001; hypoxemia: 70.0% vs 34.1%, P <0.001). Conclusion Male patients are susceptible to both eyes in NA-AION. Hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia are more important general risk factors of NA-AION. OSAS, hypoxemia and hypotension at night are common risk factors. The general risk factors are more prominent in male NA-AION patients than in female.

Key words: Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy; General risk factors; Gender