Abstract: Early intervention to manage the risk factors of cerebrovascular disease is the most effective way to reduce the harm of cerebrovascular diseases. This chapter presents recommendations for the management of populations at high risk for cerebrovascular disease, including control of non-interventionable and interventionable vascular risk factors, the use of aspirin in the primary prevention of ischaemic stroke, and the risk assessment of first-time stroke. 

Key words: Cerebrovascular disease; Risk factor; Hypertension; Glycometabolism; Lipid metabolism; Atrial fibrillation; Atherosclerosis

摘要： 针对脑血管病的危险因素积极进行早期干预管理是减少脑血管病危害最有效的方法。本章节介绍脑血管病高危人群管理的推荐意见，包括对不可干预和可干预血管危险因素的控制，阿司匹林在缺血性卒中一级预防中的应用以及首次卒中风险评估等方面。

关键词: 脑血管病; 危险因素; 高血压; 糖代谢; 脂代谢; 心房颤动; 动脉粥样硬化