Table of Content

20 November 2007, Volume 2 Issue 11

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论著

Establishment and Evaluation of Post-stroke Depression Rat Model

SUN Yi;ZHANG Zhi-jun;WANG Shao-hua;et al

2007, 2(11):  891-894. 

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Objective To establish the rat model of post-stroke depression (PSD).Methods The focal cerebral ischemia model was set up by blocking the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Then the model rats were separately raised and put into chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) to induce the PSD model and some of them were intervened by fuoxertine. The rats were divided into control, stroke, depression, post-stroke depression and PSD treated with fuoxertine groups and all of them were examined dynamically by Open-feld test (OFT), sucrose consumption test and forced swimming test.Results The animal models of PSD had significantly less weight gain than control group and stroke group(P<0.01)at day 14 after CUMS. After given fuoxertin the animals' body weight in PSD group increased signifcantly than before. The scores of horizontal and vertical movement activities in OFT of PSD group were signifcantly less than in control and stroke groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The fxed time in forced-swimming test was signifcantly longer in PSD group when compared with control and stroke groups(P<0.05). Fluoxertin markedly increased open-feld activities(P<0.05 or P<0.01) and decreased the fxed time in forced-swimming test(P<0.01).Conclusion Anhedonia and underactivity, the core symptoms in the PSD patients, can be found completely and persistently in the PSD group rats. With good operability and repeatability, the rats PSD model is an ideal model for the PSD research. Fluoxetine can improve the behavior abnormality of the PSD rats.

Chronic Stress Inhibits Stroke-induced Proliferation and Differentiation of Endogenous Neural Stem Cells in Rat Hippocampus

WANG Shao-hua;ZHANG Zhi-jun;GUO Yi-jing;et al.

2007, 2(11):  895-898. 

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Objective To investigate the effect of chronic stress on stroke-induced endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) in rat hippocampus.Methods Male SD rats were divided into control, stroke and chronic stress treated group. The animals were subjected to consistent focal cerebral infarcts through left middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), followed by 18-day exposure to chronic mild stress (CMS) along with single housing, and then brodmodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeled. The dynamic expression of BrdU and its co-expression with neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN) in the left dentate gyrus of hippocampus were determined by immunohistochemistry or double-lable immunofuorescence staining.Results Compared with ischemic animals, in the left dentate gyrus, animals treated with chronic stress had signifcantly less BrdU-positive cells at Days 21 after ischemia (28.5±1.9 vs 72.2±1.4, P<0.001), and decreased proportion of BrdU-positive cells co-stained with NeuN at Days 30 [(69.0±3.4)%] and 45 [(78.3±2.4)%] (P<0.001 and P<0.01 respectively).Conclusion Chronic stress inhibits stroke-induced proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells in hippocampus. It may be one of the etiologies of post-stroke depression (PSD).

Effect of Procyanidin on Expression of SOD and NO in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats with Focal Cerebral Ischemia

SONG Cheng-guang;ZHAO Shi-tao;MIN Lian-qiu.

2007, 2(11):  899-902. 

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Objective To investigate the effect of procyanidin(PC) on expression of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and nitric oxide(NO) in type 2 diabetes mellitus SD rats with focal cerebral ischemia.Methods Sixty SD rats were divided into sham-operation, model, low-dose PC, mid-dose PC and high-dose PC group. After ischemia for 24h, we evaluated the neurological function of SD rats, performed hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, then used xanthinoxidase method to measure the activity of SOD and nitrate reducase method to measure the level of NO.Results The activity of SOD in rats’ brain of model group decreased signifcantly when compared with sham-operation group[(46.53±1.00)U/mg vs (60.37±2.04)U/mg, P<0.01], while the level of NO increased signifcantly[(22.66±3.07)μmol/L vs (13.55±1.43)μmol/L, P<0.01]. Compared with model group, the activity of SOD in rats’ brain of low-dose PC group signifcantly increased[(48.75±0.98) U/mg, P<0.05] and the level of NO decreased signifcantly[(20.03±1.21)μmol/L, P<0.05]. When compared with low-dose PC group, the activity of SOD in mid-dose and high-dose PC group signifcantly increased [ (56.20±1.47)U/mg and (56.73±1.14)U/mg respectively, P<0.01] and the level of NO decreased significantly[(17.34±0.61)μmol/L and (16.97±0.46)μmol/L respectively, P<0.01].Conclusion Procyanidin has the neuroprotective effect on ischemic rats of type 2 diabetes mellitus by increasing the activity of SOD and decreasing the level of NO.

Clinical Characteristics of Vertebrobasilar Artery Dissection

SHI Shu-gui;CHEN Kang-ning;FAN Wen-hui;et al.

2007, 2(11):  903-906. 

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Objective To analyze the clinical features of posterior circulation ischemia resulted from vertebrobasilar artery dissection.Methods Seven patients of vertebrobasilar artery dissection identified by magnetic resonance angiography(MRA) or digital subtraction angiography(DSA) or biopsy were retrospective analyzed.Results All seven patients complained of posterior circulation ischemic symptoms. The diagnosis of dissection was made by MRA in one patient, biopsy in another patient, and DSA in other fve patients. One patient was dead after thrombolysis with urokinase, three patients received antiplatelet agents, and three patients received angioplasty and stenting followed by antiplatelet agents. Six patients didn’t have any ischemic event during 3-24 months follow-up.Conclusion Vertebrobasilar artery dissection as one cause of posterior circulation ischemia, its identification is important for prognosis. Antiplatelet agents and interventional therapy may be effective.

综述

The Risk Assessment and Clinical Management of Hydrocephalus after Intraventricular Hemorrhage

SONG Zhi;YANG Qi-dong.

2007, 2(11):  939-943. 

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Intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH) accounts for one third of spontaneously intracranial hemorrhage(ICH). Post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus(PHH) is regarded as an independent risk factor for the poor outcome of IVH. The probability of PHH could be predicted more acceptive by using logistic regression model combind with the Modifed Graeb criteria(MGC) than the Graeb criteria only. By compared the mortality among the groups in which the patients accepted different treatments, three clinical protocols were set up. The patients in the group for MGC point from 1 to 4 would accept conservative treatment only; from 5 to 9 would accept conservative treatment with prepared operation of external ventricular drainage(EVD); and from 10 to 12 would accept the immediate operation of EVD. The other issues related to the operation of EVD will be discussed in this review.【Key Words】 Intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH); Hydrocephalus; Assessment; Treatment; Clinical protocols