参考文献1 Alexandrov AV, Sloan MA, Tegeler CH, et al. Practicestandards for transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound.Part II. Clinical indications and expected outcomes[J].J Neuroimaging, 2012, 22:215-224.2 Rubiera M, Cava L, Tsivgoulis G, et al. Diagnosticcriteria and yield of real-time transcranial Dopplermonitoring of intra-arterial reperfusion procedures[J].Stroke, 2010, 41:695-699.3 Cencet t i S, Cult rera D. Transcranial DopplerU l t r a s o n o g r a p h y i n I n t e n s i v e C a r e [M] .Milan:Springer, 2012:413-416.4 Heliopoulos I, Papaoiakim M, Tsivgoulis G, et al.Common carotid intima media thickness as a markerof clinical severity in patients with symptomaticextracranial carotid artery stenosis[J]. Clin NeurolNeurosurg, 2009, 111:246-250.5 Beebe HG, Salles-Cunha SX, Scissons RP, et al.Carotid arterial ultrasound scan imaging:A directapproach to stenosis measurement[J]. J Vasc Surg,1999, 29:838-844.6 Stein JH, Korcarz CE, Hurst RT, et al. Use ofcarotid ultrasound to identify subclinical vasculardisease and evaluate cardiovascular disease risk:Aconsensus statement from the American Society ofEchocardiography Carotid Intima-Media ThicknessTask Force Endorsed by the Society for VascularMedicine[J]. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2008, 21:93-111.7 Andrei V, Michael A, Lawrence KS, et al. Practicestandards for transcranial Doppler ultrasound:Part 1-test performance[J]. J Neuroimaging, 2007, 17:11-18.8 Demchuk AM, Christou I, Wein TH, et al. Accuracyand criteria for localizing arterial occlusion withtranscranial Doppler[J]. J Neuroimaging, 2000, 10:1-12.9 Arkuszewski M, Swiat M, Hurst RW, et al. Vertebraland basilar arteries:transcranial color-coded Duplexultrasonography versus conventional TCD in detectionof narrowings[J]. Neuroradiol J, 2012, 25:12-23.10 AbuRahma AF. Bergan JJ Noninvasive VascularDiag nosis:A Pr a ct ical Guide to The r apy[M].Milan:Springer, 2000:123-131.11 de Riva N, Budohoski KP, Smielewski P, et al.Transcranial Doppler pulsatility index:what it is andwhat it isn't[J]. Neurocrit Care, 2012, 17:58-66.12 Wilte rdin k JL, Feldman n E, Fu r ie KL, et al.Transcranial Doppler ultrasound battery reliablyidentifies severe internal carotid artery stenosis[J].Stroke, 1997, 28:133-136.13 Spencer MP, Reid JM. Quantitation of carotid stenosiswith continuous-wave (CW) Doppler ultrasound[J].Stroke, 1979, 10:326-330.14 Be a c h KW, Be r g e l i n RO, Le o t t a DF, e t a l .Standardized ultrasound evaluation of carotid stenosisfor clinical trials:University of Washington UltrasoundReading Center[J]. Cardiovasc Ultrasound, 2010, 8:39.15 Gaunt ME, Martin PJ, Smith JL, et al. Clinicalrelevance of intraoperative embolization detected bytranscranial Doppler ultrasonography during carotidendarterectomy:a prospective study of 100 patients[J].Br J Surg, 1994, 81:1435-1439.16 Gunning AJ, Pickering GW, Robb-Smith AHT, et al.Mural thrombosis of the internal carotid artery andsubsequent embolism[J]. Q J Med, 1964, 33:155-195.17 Markus HS, King A, Shipley M, et al. Asymptomaticembol i s at ion for pr edic t ion of s t roke i n t heAsymptomatic Carotid Emboli Study (ACES):aprospective observational study[J]. Lancet Neurol,2010, 9:663-671.18 Consensus Committee of the Ninth InternationalCe r e b r a l Hemo d y n ami c Symp o s ium. Ba s i cidentification criteria of Doppler microembolicsignals[J]. Stroke, 1995, 26:11-23.19 华扬, 高山, 吴钢, 等. 经颅多普勒超声操作规范及诊断标准指南[J]. 中华医学超声杂志, 2008, 5:2-6.20 邢英琦, 韩珂, 白竹, 等. 经颅多普勒超声脑血流次序改变对大脑中动脉慢性闭塞的诊断价值[J]. 中国老年学杂志, 2008, 28:1906-1909.21 Kaps M, Dami a n MS, Te s che ndor f U, e t a l .Transcranial Doppler ultrasound findings in middlecerebral artery occlusion[J]. Stroke, 1990, 21:532-537.22 高山. 如何规范经颅多普勒超声诊断报告[J]. 中国卒中杂志, 2010, 5:615-625.23 饶明俐, 林世和. 脑血管疾病[M]. 北京:人民卫生出版社, 2012:123-140.24 Wi d d e r B, Pa u l a t K, Ha c k s p a c h e r J , e t a l .Morphological characterization of carotid arterystenoses by ultrasound duplex scanning[J]. UltrasoundMed Biol, 1990, 16:349-354.25 Jahromi AS, Cinà CS, Liu Y, et al. Sensitivity andspecificity of color duplex ultrasound measurementin the estimation of internal carotid artery stenosis:asystematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Vasc Surg,2005, 41:962-972.26 Grønholdt ML, Nordestgaard BG, Bentzon J, et al.Macrophages are associated with lipid-rich carotidartery plaques, echolucency on B-mode imaging, andelevated plasma lipid levels[J]. J Vasc Surg, 2002,35:137-145.27 El-Ba rghout y NM, Levine T, Ladva S, et al.Histological verification of computerised carotidplaque characterisation[J]. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg,1996, 11:414-416.28 Grønholdt ML, Wiebe BM, Laursen H, et al. Lipidrichcarotid artery plaques appear echolucent onultrasound B-mode images and may be associatedwith intraplaque haemorrhage[J]. Eur J Vasc EndovascSurg, 1997, 14:439-445.29 关德增, 昌杰, 关浩增. 椎动脉颅外段狭窄的螺旋CT血管成像分析[J]. 医学影像学杂志, 2011, 21:190-193.30 Vicenzini E, Toscano M, Maestrini I, et al. Predictorsand timing of recanalization in intracranial carotidartery and siphon dissection:An ultrasound follow-upstudy[J]. Cerebrovasc Dis, 2013, 35:476-482. |