Study on the Value of YKL-40 and Caspase-1 Levels and ASPECTS in Predicting the Prognosis of Patients with Anterior Circulation Massive Cerebral Infarction after Interventional Thrombectomy

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2024.10.008

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of chitinase protein-40 (YKL-40) and cysteine proteolytic enzyme-1 (Caspase-1) levels and ASPECTS on the prognosis of patients with anterior circulation massive cerebral infarction (MCI) after interventional thrombectomy.
Methods Data of 180 patients with anterior circulation MCI who received interventional thrombectomy in The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from June 2020 to February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the death group (41 cases) and the survival group (139 cases) according to the prognosis 3 months after interventional thrombectomy. Baseline data and YKL-40 and Caspase-1 levels before interventional thrombectomy were compared between the two groups. Cox regression analysis was used to explore the prognostic factors of interventional thrombectomy for MCI. ROC curve analysis was used to assess the efficacy of YKL-40 and Caspase-1 levels and ASPECTS in predicting the prognosis of patients with MCI after interventional thrombectomy.
Results The age and infarct area of the death group were higher than those of the survival group, while the ASPECTS were lower (all P＜0.001). Serum YKL-40 level [(141.37±12.40) μg/L vs. (115.05±11.40) μg/L] and Caspase-1 level [(13.05±1.15) ng/L vs. (8.61±0.64) ng/L] in the death group were higher than those in the survival group (all P＜0.001). Cox regression analysis showed that large infarct area (HR 1.011, 95%CI 1.001-1.022), high YKL-40 level (HR 1.033, 95%CI 1.001-1.066), and high Caspase-1 level (HR 1.576, 95%CI 1.264-1.966) were independent risk factors for death after interventional thrombectomy of anterior circulation MCI, while the high ASPECTS (HR 0.887, 95%CI 0.794-0.991) was the protective factor for death after interventional thrombectomy of anterior circulation MCI. ROC curve analysis results showed that the combined prediction of serum YKL-40 and Caspase-1 levels and ASPECTS yielded a better predictive accuracy (AUC
0.940, 95%CI 0.890-0.990) than any of these three indexes alone in predicting death after interventional thrombectomy of anterior circulation MCI [the AUC was 0.869 (95%CI 0.806-0.933), 0.897 (95%CI 0.828-0.966), and 0.724 (95%CI 0.642-0.806), respectively].
Conclusions YKL-40 and Caspase-1 levels and ASPECTS were closely related to the prognosis of patients with anterior circulation MCI after interventional thrombectomy. Consequently, these indexes could be used as prognostic indicators.

Key words: Massive cerebral infarction; Prognosis; Chitinase protein-40; Cysteine proteolytic enzyme-1; Alberta stroke program early CT score

摘要： 目的探讨甲壳质酶蛋白-40（chitinase protein-40，YKL-40）、半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶-1（cysteine proteolytic enzyme-1，Caspase-1）水平及ASPECTS对前循环大面积脑梗死介入取栓患者预后的预测价值。
方法回顾性分析2020年6月—2023年2月于河北医科大学第一医院接受介入取栓治疗的180例前循环大面积脑梗死患者的病历资料。按照介入取栓3个月后的预后情况分为死亡组（41例）与存活组（139例），比较两组基线资料及介入取栓前YKL-40、Caspase-1水平。采用Cox回归分析探讨大面积脑梗死介入取栓预后的影响因素。利用ROC曲线分析探讨YKL-40、Caspase-1水平及ASPECTS预测大面积脑梗死介入取栓预后的效能。
结果死亡组患者年龄及梗死灶面积大于存活组，ASPECTS低于存活组（均P＜0.001）。死亡组患者的血清YKL-40水平[（141.37±12.40）μg/L vs.（115.05±11.40）μg/L]、Caspase-1水平[（13.05±1.15）ng/L vs.（8.61±0.64）ng/L]均高于存活组（均P＜0.001）。Cox回归分析结果显示，梗死灶面积大（HR 1.011，95%CI 1.001～1.022）、YKL-40水平高（HR 1.033，95%CI 1.001～1.066）、Caspase-1水平高（HR 1.576，95%CI 1.264～1.966）均是前循环大面积脑梗死介入取栓后死亡的独立危险因素，ASPECTS高（HR 0.887，95%CI 0.794～0.991）是前循环大面积脑梗死介入取栓后死亡的保护因素。ROC曲线分析结果显示，血清YKL-40、Caspase-1水平及ASPECTS联合预测前循环大面积脑梗死介入取栓后死亡的效能（AUC 0.940，95%CI 0.890～0.990）优于上述3项指标单独预测[AUC分别为0.869（95%CI 0.806～0.933）、0.897（95%CI 0.828～0.966）、0.724（95%CI 0.642～0.806）]。
结论 YKL-40、Caspase-1水平及ASPECTS均与前循环大面积脑梗死介入取栓患者预后密切相关，可作为患者预后的预测指标。

关键词: 大面积脑梗死; 预后; 甲壳质酶蛋白-40; 半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶-1; Alberta卒中项目早期CT评分

CLC Number:

WANG Jiwei, LI Hui, LIU Jianfeng, XU Lifeng, BI Hongling, XIE Xiongwei, TIAN Yangyang. Study on the Value of YKL-40 and Caspase-1 Levels and ASPECTS in Predicting the Prognosis of Patients with Anterior Circulation Massive Cerebral Infarction after Interventional Thrombectomy[J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(10): 1155-1161.

王冀伟, 李辉, 刘建峰, 徐丽峰, 毕红玲, 谢雄伟, 田洋洋. 甲壳质酶蛋白-40、半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶-1及ASPECTS预测前循环大面积脑梗死介入取栓患者预后的价值研究[J]. 中国卒中杂志, 2024, 19(10): 1155-1161.

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