Correlation Analysis between Job Burnout and Social Support among Neurology Residents

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2025.10.015

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of job burnout among neurology residents, analyze its relationship with social support, and identify the independent influencing factors of job burnout.
Methods This study employed a cluster sampling method in March 2024 to select neurology residents participating in standardized residency training from 2021 to 2023 at Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University. A questionnaire was used to assess job burnout scale and social support scale. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: personal general information, the job burnout scale, and the social support scale. Personal general information included gender, age, grade, possession of a practicing physician qualification certificate, marital status, and monthly income. The job burnout scale comprised three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. The social support scale included three dimensions: objective support, subjective support, and utilization of support. Intergroup comparisons were conducted on the scores of the three dimensions of job burnout among the respondents. Correlation analysis was performed between the three dimensions scores of job burnout and the three dimensions scores of social support, and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the dimensions scores of job burnout.
Results A total of 124 neurology residents participated in the survey. Among them, 98 (79.0%) were female, 44 (35.5%) were aged≤25 years old, and 88 (71.0%) had obtained a practicing physician qualification certificate. Univariate analysis revealed that the scores of emotional exhaustion dimension were significantly higher in females (P=0.035), residents enrolled in 2022, and those with a monthly income of≤3000 yuan (P=0.007). The scores of depersonalization dimension were significantly higher in females (P=0.001) and residents enrolled in 2023. The scores of reduced personal accomplishment dimension were significantly higher in males (P=0.001), those>25 years old (P=0.001), and those with a monthly income of≤3000 yuan (P=0.008). Correlation analysis revealed that the scores of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were negatively correlated with the scores of all dimensions and the total score of social support, while the scores of reduced personal accomplishment were positively correlated with the scores of all dimensions and the total score of social support (all P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that grade, monthly income, and the scores of all dimensions of social support were independent influencing factors for the scores of emotional exhaustion (all P<0.05). Grade, the scores of subjective support, and the scores of utilization of support were independent influencing factors for the scores of depersonalization (all P<0.05). Gender, age, grade, and the scores of subjective support were independent influencing factors for the scores of reduced personal accomplishment (all P<0.05).
Conclusions Job burnout among neurology residents is influenced by demographic characteristics such as gender, age, grade, and monthly income. social support has a significant regulatory effect on job burnout.

Key words: Job burnout; Social support; Influencing factor analysis; Neurology resident

摘要： 目的探讨神经内科住院医师职业倦怠现状及其与社会支持的关系，分析职业倦怠的独立影响因素。
方法选取首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院2021—2023级参加住院医师规范化培训的神经内科住院医师作为调查对象，应用调查问卷进行信息采集。调查问卷由3个部分组成，分别为个人一般情况、职业倦怠量表及社会支持量表。个人一般情况包括性别、年龄、年级、是否获得执业医师资格证书、婚姻状况及月收入等信息；职业倦怠量表包括情绪衰竭、去人格化及低成就感3个维度；社会支持量表包括客观支持、主观支持及对支持的利用度3个维度。对调查对象职业倦怠的3个维度得分进行组间比较，并对职业倦怠的3个维度得分与社会支持的3个维度得分进行相关性分析，采用多元线性回归分析职业倦怠各维度得分的影响因素。
结果共124名神经内科住院医师参与调查。其中，女性98名（79.0%），年龄≤25岁者44名（35.5%），已获得执业医师资格证书者88名（71.0%）。单因素分析显示，情绪衰竭维度得分在女性（P=0.035）、2022级及月收入≤3000元（P=0.007）的神经内科住院医师中较高；去人格化维度得分在女性（P=0.001）及2023级的神经内科住院医师中较高；低成就感维度得分在男性（P=0.001）、年龄>25岁（P=0.001）及月收入≤3000元（P=0.008）的神经内科住院医师中较高。相关性分析表明，情绪衰竭、去人格化得分与社会支持各维度得分及总分均呈负相关，低成就感得分与社会支持各维度得分及总分均呈正相关（均P<0.05）。多元线性回归分析显示，年级、月收入及社会支持各维度得分是情绪衰竭得分的独立影响因素（均P<0.05）；年级、主观支持得分及对支持的利用度得分是去人格化得分的独立影响因素（均P<0.05）；性别、年龄、年级及主观支持得分是低成就感得分的独立影响因素（均P<0.05）。
结论神经内科住院医师职业倦怠受性别、年龄、年级、月收入等人口学特征影响，社会支持对职业倦怠具有一定的调节作用。

关键词: 职业倦怠; 社会支持; 影响因素分析; 神经内科住院医师

CLC Number:

YUAN Xuejiao, WANG Wenjuan. Correlation Analysis between Job Burnout and Social Support among Neurology Residents[J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2025, 20(10): 1329-1334.

袁雪姣, 王文娟. 神经内科住院医师职业倦怠与社会支持的相关性分析[J]. 中国卒中杂志, 2025, 20(10): 1329-1334.

References

[1] FREUDENBERGER H J. Staff burn-out[J]. J Soc Issues，1974，30（1）：159-165.
[2] 陈曲，柴秋香，孟开. 北京市三甲医院青年医护人员职业倦怠与社会支持的相关性分析[J]. 中国医药导报，2021，18（23）：55-59.
CHEN Q，CHAI Q X，MENG K. Correlation analysis between occupational burnout and social support of young medical staff in grade A tertiary hospitals in Beijing[J]. China Medical Herald，2021，18（23）：55-59.
[3] 李烨，杨英，汪偌宁，等. 新冠病毒感染疫情期间北京市临床住院医师工作压力与职业倦怠状况调查[J]. 医学与社会，2023，36（4）：122-126.
LI Y，YANG Y，WANG R N. et al. Investigation on status of work stress and job burnout of clinical residents in Beijing during the COVID-19 epidemic[J]. Medicine and Society，2023，36（4）：122-126.
[4] 常璇. 全科医生工作满意度、职业倦怠与留职意愿的关系研究[D]. 济南：山东大学，2015.
CHANG X. Study on the relationship among job satisfaction，career burnout and intent to stay in general practitioners[D]. Jinan：Shandong University，2015.
[5] 廖秋菊，赵义，苏丽，等. 三甲医院规范化培训住院医师职业倦怠调查及危险因素分析[J]. 中国病案，2021，22（9）：86-90.
LIAO Q J，ZHAO Y，SU L，et al. Investigation and risk factors analysis of job burnout in standardized training of residents in a three A and tertiary hospital[J]. Chineae Medical Record，2021，22（9）：86-90.
[6] 李超平，时勘. 分配公平与程序公平对工作倦怠的影响[J]. 心理学报，2003，35（5）：677-684.
LI C P，SHI K. The influence of distributive justice and procedural justice on job burnout[J]. Acta Psychologica Sinica，2003，35（5）：677-684.
[7] 肖水源.《社会支持评定量表》的理论基础与研究应用[J]. 临床精神医学杂志，1994，4（2）：98-100.
XIAO S Y. Theoretical foundation and research application of the social support rating scale[J]. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry，1994，4（2）：98-100.
[8] PULCRANO M，EVANS S R T，SOSIN M. Quality of life and burnout rates across surgical specialties：a systematic review[J]. JAMA Surg，2016，151（10）：970-978.
[9] SAUDER M，ZAGALES I，ZAGALES R，et al. Comprehensive assessment of burnout among surgical trainees and practicing surgeons：a systematic review[J]. J Surg Educ，2022，79（5）：1188-1205.
[10] 陈辉，李小飒，王艺，等. 规范化培训住院医师倦怠焦虑抑郁发生率meta分析[J]. 青岛大学学报（医学版），2023，59（4）：601-606.
CHEN H，LI X S，WANG Y，et al. A meta-analysis of incidence of burnout，anxiety，and depression among physicians during stan-dardized residency training[J]. Journal of Qingdao University（Medical Sciences），2023，59（4）：601-606.
[11] KHALAFALLAH A M，LAM S，GAMI A，et al. A national survey on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic upon burnout and career satisfaction among neurosurgery residents[J/OL]. J Clin Neurosci，2020，80：137-142[2025-03-18]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
jocn.2020.08.012.
[12] 姜默琳，张捷，杜月辰，等. 规范化培训住院医师工作倦怠水平研究[J]. 中医教育，2017，36（1）：69-73.
JIANG M L，ZHANG J，DU Y C，et al. Standardized residency training job burnout level study[J]. Education of Chinese Medicine，2017，36（1）：69-73.
[13] 曲景灏，李远达，黄蓉，等. 眼科住院医师规范化培训学员工作满意度与工作倦怠情况调研[J]. 中华医学教育杂志，2023，43（3）：213-217.
QU J H，LI Y D，HUANG R，et al. Job satisfaction and job burnout of ophthalmology resident training students[J]. Chin J Med Edu，2023，43（3）：213-217.
[14] ANTIEL R M，REED D A，VAN ARENDONK K J，et al. Effects of duty hour restrictions on core competencies，education，quality of life，and burnout among general surgery interns[J]. JAMA Surg，2013，148（5）：448-455.
[15] KLIMO P，Jr，DECUYPERE M，RAGEL B T，et al. Career satisfaction and burnout among U.S. neurosurgeons：a feasibility and pilot study[J/OL]. World Neurosurg，2013，80（5）：e59-e68[2025-03-18]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2012.09.009.
[16] 齐学进. 全面实施毕业后医学教育质量提升工程将住培制度建设推向新阶段[J]. 中国毕业后医学教育，2020，4（6）：481-484.
QI X J. The program to improve the quality of graduate medical education has ushered standardized residency training into a new stage[J]. Chinese Journal of Graduate Medical Education，2020，4（6）：481-484.
[17] 杨英，李烨，汪偌宁，等. 基于满意度视角的住院医师规范化培训现状调查分析[J]. 中华医学教育杂志，2024，44（2）：131-135.
YANG Y，LI Y，WANG R N，et al. Investigation and analysis on current training status based on satisfaction of standardized residency training[J]. Chin J Med Edu，2024，44（2）：131-135.
[18] 宋佳萌，范会勇. 社会支持与主观幸福感关系的元分析[J]. 心理科学进展，2013，21（8）：1357-1370.
SONG J M，FAN H Y. A meta-analysis of the relationship between social support and subjective well-being[J]. Advances in Psychological Science，2013，21（8）：1357-1370.
[19] 赵浴光，李晓璇，崔莹，等. 社会支持对医护人员职业倦怠的影响——基于自我效能的中介作用研究[J]. 中国医院管理，2019，39（11）：48-50.
ZHAO Y G，LI X X，CUI Y，et al. Analysis of the impact of social support on job burnout among doctors and nurses：based on mediation effect of self-efficacy[J]. Chinese Hospital Management，2019，39（11）：48-50.
[20] 戴慧芬，钱桑妮，魏芳，等. 医务人员职业倦怠及其影响因素的横断面研究[J]. 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志，2020，38（8）：594-597.
DAI H F，QIAN S N，WEI F，et al. Prevalence and influence factors of job burnout among hospital staffs—a cross-sectional study[J]. Chin J Ind Hyg Occup Dis，2020，38（8）：594-597.
[21] 倪赤丹. 社会支持理论：社会工作研究的新“范式”[J]. 广东工业大学学报（社会科学版），2013，13（3）：58-65.
NI C D. Social support theory：a new“paradigm”in social work research[J]. Journal of Guangdong University of Technology（Social Sciences Edition），2013，13（3）：58-65.