Progress of the Relationship between DNA Methylation and Hypertension

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673－5765.2023.04.004

Abstract

Abstract: Hypertension is one of the most common modifiable risk factors for ischemic stroke. As a highly heterogeneous disease with multifactorial causes, environmental and genetic factors play pivotal roles in occurrence and progression of hypertension. Gene–environment interactions, that is to say that epigenetic modification may mediate the relationship between genetic and environmental factors and ischemic stroke, whereas the exact mechanism is still unclear. These epigenetic modifications include DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling and so on. DNA methylation, as a crucial component of epigenetics, is a well-studied epigenetic mechanism. DNA methylation regulates gene expression and is also influenced by environmental factors. This article reviewed the progress of DNA methylation in the pathophysiological processes, risk factors, and environmental factors related to hypertension. The potential mechanism of hypertension-related DNA methylation and stroke risk was also discussed, highlighting the potential use of DNA methylation as a new target and approach for diagnosing and treating hypertension, and preventing ischemic stroke.

DNA甲基化与RAAS系统、交感神经、炎症等高血压相关发病机制密切相关，另外，DNA甲基化还与高血压相关危险因素、环境因素及高血压患者罹患卒中有潜在关联。对该领域的探索有助于寻找新的高血压诊疗靶点。

Key words: Hypertension; Ischemic stroke; DNA methylation; Epigenetics

摘要： 高血压是缺血性卒中最常见的可调节危险因素之一，作为一种多病因、高度异质性的疾病，环境、遗传因素在高血压的发生、发展过程中发挥着重要作用。基因与环境之间的相互作用，也就是表观遗传修饰可能介导遗传因素、环境因素和缺血性卒中之间的关系，但具体机制仍不明确。表观遗传修饰包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、染色质重塑等，其中DNA甲基化是表观遗传的重要组成部分，也是研究相对成熟的机制。DNA甲基化可以调节基因的表达，同时也受环境因素的影响。本文介绍了DNA甲基化在高血压相关病理生理机制、危险因素及环境因素等方面的研究进展，探讨了与高血压相关的DNA甲基化影响卒中风险的潜在机制，提出DNA甲基化用于高血压诊断、治疗及预防缺血性卒中的新靶点和新思路。

关键词: 高血压；缺血性卒中；脱氧核糖核酸；甲基化；表观遗传学

HOU Yeye, ZHOU Hongyu, LI Zixiao.

Progress of the Relationship between DNA Methylation and Hypertension

[J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2023, 18(04): 396-403.

侯叶叶, 周宏宇, 李子孝. DNA甲基化与高血压的相关性研究进展[J]. 中国卒中杂志, 2023, 18(04): 396-403.

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