Abstract: 【Abstract】 Vascular dementia is a kind of cognitive dysfunction clinical syndrome causedby cerebrovascular diseases. Relevant drug therapy includes anticholinesterase, N-aspartic acidmethyl-D-receptor inhibitors, Nimodipine, statins and nicergoline etc. The effect of donepezil iscontroversy; galanthamine is effective to the dementia caused by both Alzheimer disease (AD) andcerebrovascular diseases; rivastigmine in vascular dementia those who are old and may have ADhas the obvious effect in cognitive; memantine in mild to moderate vascular dementia has goodcurative effect and tolerability; most tests show nimodipine in vascular cognitive dysfunction isan effective treatment, and have good safety; simastatin and atorvastatin are effective; nicergolinecan improve cognitive functions in vascular dementia patient. At present, there is no evidence thatantiplatelet agents and antihypertensive drugs have positive treatment function.

Key words: Dementia; vascular; Cholinesterase inhibitors; Memantine; Nimodipine; Nicergoline

摘要： 血管性痴呆（vascular dementia，VD）是脑血管疾病导致的认知功能障碍临床综合征，相关的药物治疗包括胆碱酯酶抑制剂、N-甲基D-天（门）冬氨酸（N-methyl-D-aspartic acid，NMDA）受体抑制剂、尼莫地平、他汀和尼麦角林等。多奈哌齐治疗VD的试验效果尚有争议；加兰他敏对于由阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’disease，AD）引起的痴呆和脑血管病导致的痴呆同样有效；利凡斯的明对年老可能有伴发的阿尔海默氏病的VD在认知方面有明显的疗效；美金刚治疗轻到中度VD具有较好的疗效和耐受性；大多数试验结果显示尼莫地平对血管性认知功能障碍有效，并具有良好的安全性；辛伐他汀和阿托伐他汀均对VD有治疗作用；尼麦角林能改善VD的认知功能。目前尚无证据证实抗血小板制剂和降压药物对VD有阳性治疗作用。

关键词: 痴呆; 血管性; 胆碱酯酶抑制剂; 美金刚; 尼莫地平; 尼麦角林