Current Progress of Thymosin Beta 4 on Angiogenesis

Abstract

Abstract:

Thymosin beta 4 (Tβ4) is a pleiotropic peptide which is widely distributed in mammals and other vertebrates, and participates in several cellular events including promotion angiogenesis, new axon growth, cancerogenesis, wound healing and inhibition of inflammation. Due to the effects of Tβ4 in these events, it may become a new target site of stroke treatment. In this review we discuss the current state of knowledge regarding the effects of Tβ4 on angiogenesis.

Key words: Thymosin beta 4; Angiogenesis; Stroke

摘要：

胸腺素β4（thymosin beta4，Tβ4）作为一种多功能的多肽，广泛分布于哺乳动物和其他脊椎动物中。Tβ4的促进血管再生、神经轴突再生、肿瘤生长和伤口愈合、抑制炎症等功能已经成为国内外研究的焦点，并且Tβ4可能成为治疗卒中的新靶点。本文就Tβ4在血管再生中的研究进展做一综述。

关键词: 胸腺素β4; 血管再生; 卒中

PANG Yue-Shan, LUO Yong. Current Progress of Thymosin Beta 4 on Angiogenesis[J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2013, 8(08): 680-683.

庞月珊，罗勇. 胸腺素β4在血管再生中的研究进展[J]. 中国卒中杂志, 2013, 8(08): 680-683.

References

参考文献

1 Goldstein AL, Slater FD, White A. Preparation, assay, and partial purification of a thymic lymphocytopoietic factor(thymosin)[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1966, 56:1010-1017.

2 Koutrafouri V, Leondiadis L, Ferderigos N, et al. Synthesis and angiogenetic activity in the chick chorioallantoic membrane model of thymosin beta-15[J]. Peptides, 2003, 24:107-115.

3 Lee SH, Son MJ, Oh SH, et al. Thymosin beta10 inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth by interfering with Ras function[J]. Cancer Res, 2005, 65:137-148.

4 Dedova IV, Nikolaeva OP, Safer D, et al. Thymosin beta4 induces a conformational change in actin monomers[J]. Biophys J, 2006, 90:985-992.

5 Choe J, Sun W, Yoon SY, et al. Effect of thymosin beta15 on the branching of developing neurons[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2005, 331:43-49.

6 Vartiainen N, Pyykonen I, Hokfelt T, et al. Induction of thymosin beta(4) mRNA following focal brain ischemia[J]. Neuroreport, 1996, 7:1613-1616.

7 Kim Y, Kim EH, Hong S, et al. Expression of thymosin beta in the rat brain following transient global ischemia[J]. Brain Res, 2006, 1085:177-182.

8 Sapp E, Kegel KB, Aronin N, et al. Early and progressive accumulation of reactive microglia in the Huntington disease brain[J]. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 2001, 60:161-172.

9 Rensink AA, Otte-Holler I, Ten DHJ, et al. Differential gene expression in human brain pericytes induced by amyloid-beta protein[J]. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol, 2004, 30:279-291.

10 Yang H, Cui GB, Jiao XY, et al. Thymosin-beta4 attenuates ethanol-induced neurotoxicity in cultured cerebral cortical astrocytes by inhibiting apoptosis[J]. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 2010, 30:149-160.

11 Xiong Y, Zhang Y, Mahmood A, et al. Neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects of thymosin beta4 treatment initiated 6 hours after traumatic brain injury in rats[J]. J Neurosurg, 2012, 116:1081-1092.

12 Morris DC, Chopp M, Zhang L, et al. Thymosin beta4 improves functional neurological outcome in a rat model of embolic stroke[J]. Neuroscience, 2010, 169:674-682.

13 Smart N, Risebro CA, Melville AA, et al. Thymosin beta-4 is essential for coronary vessel development and promotes neovascularization via adult epicardium[J]. Ann NY Acad Sci, 2007, 1112:171-188.

14 Banerjee I, Zhang J, Moore-Morris T, et al. Thymosin beta 4 is dispensable for murine cardiac development and function[J]. Circ Res, 2012, 110:456-464.

15 乔海兵, 聂李亚, 马素永, 等. 重组胸腺素β4对大鼠心肌梗死心微血管及血管内皮生长因子表达的影响[J]. 解剖学杂志, 2010, 33:591-594.

16 吕淑敏. 胸腺肽β4与体内血管再生的关系及促血管生成中的Notch通路机制的研究[D]. 浙江:浙江大学医学部, 2011.

17 于虎, 马瑞珏, 张朔杨, 等. 胸腺素β4调节血管内皮生长因子、层粘连蛋白5表达, 促进糖尿病大鼠皮肤损伤愈合[J]. 中国糖尿病杂志, 2011, 19:60-63.

18 Qiu P, Kurpakus-Wheater M, Sosne G. Matrix metalloproteinase activity is necessary for thymosin beta 4 promotion of epithelial cell migration[J]. J Cell Physiol, 2007, 212:165-173.

19 Tang MC, Chan LC, Yeh YC, et al. Thymosin beta 4 induces colon cancer cell migration and clinical metastasis via enhancing ILK/IQGAP1/Rac1 signal transduction pathway [J]. Cancer Lett, 2011, 308:162-171.

20 Cierniewski CS, Papiewska-Pajak I, Malinowski M, et al. Thymosin beta4 regulates migration of colon cancer cells by a pathway involving interaction with Ku80[J]. Ann NY Acad Sci, 2010, 1194:60-71.

21 Xie D, Jauch A, Miller CW, et al. Discovery of over-expressed genes and genetic alterations in breast cancer cells using a combination of suppression subtractive hybridization, multiplex FIS-H and comparative genomic hybridization[J]. Int J Oncol, 2002, 21:499-507.

22 Cha HJ, Jeong MJ, Kleinman HK. Role of thymosin beta4 in tumor metastasis and angiogenesis[J]. J Natl Cancer Inst, 2003, 95:1674-1680.

23 王新波, 熊斌, 周瑞, 等. 胸腺素β4真核表达载体的构建及其对血管内皮细胞增殖的影响[J]. 武汉大学学报(医学版), 2006, 27:564-568.

24 Dettin M, Ghezzo F, Conconi MT, et al. In vitro and in vivo pro-angiogenic effects of thymosin-beta4-derived peptides[J]. Cell Immunol, 2011, 271:299-307.

25 Smart N, Risebro CA, Melville AAD, et al. Thymosin beta 4 induces adult epicardial progenitor mobilization and neovascularization[J]. Nature, 2007, 445:177-182.

26 Selmi A, Malinowski M, Brutkowski W, et al. Thymosin β4 promotes the migration of endothelial cells without intracellular Ca2+ elevation[J]. Exp Cell Res, 2012, 318:1659 -1666.

27 Hinkel R, Bock-Marquette I, Hatzopoulos AK, et al. Thymosin beta4:a key factor for protective effects of eEPCs in acute and chronic ischemia[J]. Ann NY Acad Sci, 2010, 1194:105-111.

28 乔海兵, 丁大有, 聂李亚, 等. 胸腺素β4对急性心肌梗死大鼠心肌磷酸化蛋白激酶表达及纤维化的影响[J]. 解剖学杂志, 2011, 34:609-611.

29 赵炎波. 胸腺素β4对循环内皮祖细胞的作用及机制[D]. 浙江:浙江大学医学部, 2011.

30 Li J, Yu L, Zhao Y, et al. Thymosin β4 reduces senescence of endothelial progenitor cells via the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signal transduction pathway[J]. Mol Med Rep, 2013, 7:598-602.

31 Sosne G, Qiu P, Christopherson PL, et al. Thymosin beta 4 suppression of corneal NF kappaB:a potential anti-inflammatory pathway[J]. Exp Eye Res, 2007, 84:663-669.

32 Santra M, Chopp M, Zhang ZG, et al. Thymosin beta 4 mediates oligodendrocyte differentiation by upregulating p38 MAPK[J]. Glia, 2012, 60:1826-1838.

[1]	CAO Liming, REN Lijie. Progress and Prospects of Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Acute Ischemic Stroke [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(9): 983-989.
[2]	FU Pengcheng, CAO Liming, ZHU Jiaqian, ZHAO Guiyu, XU Gelin. Research Progress of Reperfusion Therapy for Large Artery Atherosclerotic Ischemic Stroke [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(9): 1004-1011.
[3]	ZHANG Liping, CAO Liming, XIAO Nan, LIAO Yuqi, CHI Feng, YU Yanni, REN Lijie. Research Progress and Challenges of Nanomaterials in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ischemic Stroke [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(9): 1012-1017.
[4]	JIANG He, WANG Cheng, CHEN Xianghua, XU Chunxiang. Predictive Value of Five Prehospital Stroke Screening Scales for In-Hospital Acute Large Vessel Occlusive Ischemic Stroke [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(9): 1018-1024.
[5]	WANG Xiaorui, LUO Song, ZOU Liangyu, QU Hongdang, CUI Xue, ZHAO Yujie. Value of Eosinophil-to-Monocyte Ratio in Predicting the Prognosis of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Receiving Intravenous Thrombolysis [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(9): 1025-1033.
[6]	WANG Shuo, YU Ping, ZHANG Ning, WANG Chunxue. Bibliometric Analysis of References on the Correlation between Ischemic Stroke and Sleep from 2013 to 2023 [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(9): 1040-1047.
[7]	ZHOU Hongyu, LI Zixiao, WANG Yongjun. Research Progress on Radiomics-Based Brain Age Prediction and Ischemic Stroke [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(9): 1066-1076.
[8]	ABULANIYAZI Anaguli, WU Xiaoxin, LI Jiaoxing, LI Zhuhao, SHENG Wenli. Research Progress on Factors Related to the Susceptibility Vessel Sign and its Clinical Application in Acute Ischemic Stroke [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(9): 1077-1085.
[9]	YANG Jinbo, ZHANG Cong. Progress on the Application of High-Resolution Vessel Wall Imaging in Patients with Ischemic Stroke [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(9): 1086-1093.
[10]	WU Chunyan, YIN Yashi, WANG Guangzhi, YUE Kuitao. Evaluation and Application of Medical Imaging for Acute Ischemic Stroke at Different Time Windows: A Review [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(9): 1094-1101.
[11]	WANG Ye, WEI Chenming, LI Xiuli, WU Jian. Application of Diversified Teaching Model in Stroke Green Channel Training at a Medical University-Affiliated Teaching Hospital [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(9): 1102-1109.
[12]	SHAN Kai, ZHAO Meng, WANG Chunjuan, LI Zixiao, WANG Xiaoyan. Exploration and Practice of Diagnosis and Treatment Models for Stroke and Comorbid Conditions [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(8): 863-865.
[13]	ZHANG Mengruo, XU Shouchen, SUI Cuicui, LI Yukui, WANG Xueli. The Effects of Lower Limb Rehabilitation Robot Combined with Scalp Acupuncture on the Walking Efficiency and Coordination Function in Elderly Patients with Ischemic Stroke [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(8): 902-908.
[14]	XUE Mingyue, ZHANG Huixin, SU Dan, LI Lixia, LI Jingwei, LI Hong. Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Medication Adherence in Ischemic Stroke Patients [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(8): 909-914.
[15]	WU Yuqian, ZHANG Yumei, ZANG Dawei, FAN Xiaowei, WANG Anxin, ZHANG Xiaoli, MENG Xia. Study on the Reliability, Validity, and Sensitivity of Action Research Arm Test Scale in Evaluating the Function of Hemiplegic Upper Limb and Hand in Subacute Stage Ischemic Stroke Patients [J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2024, 19(8): 915-923.