Abstract: Objective To clarify the relationship of blood glucose fluctuation and delayed cerebral ischemia and 30-day mortality in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) patients. Methods The data of aSAH patients were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Continuous 14-day fasting blood glucose level was collected and patients were divided into four groups: stable (Day 1, <7 mmol/L; Day 2-14, all <10 mmol/L), unstable (Day 1, <7 mmol/L; Day 2-14, at least once ≥10 mmol/L), well-controlled (Day 1, ≥7 mmol/L; Day 2-14, all <10 mmol/L) and bad-controlled (Day 1, ≥7 mmol/L; Day 2-14, at least once ≥10 mmol/L). Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the impact of glucose fluctuation on delayed cerebral ischemia and 30-day all-cause mortality. Results A total of 341 patients were included, with 212 cases in stable group, 23 in unstable group, 62 in well-controlled group and 44 in bad-controlled group. The incidence of delayed cerebral ischemia among the four groups as follows: the highest incidence was 39.13% in unstable group, then 29.55% in bad-controlled group, 17.92% in stable group and the lowest was 17.74% in well-controlled group, with statistical difference (P=0.043). 30-day all-cause mortality as follows: the highest mortality was 15.91% in bad-controlled group, then 13.04% in unstable group, 6.45% was in well-controlled group, and the lowest was 1.42% in stable group, with statistical difference (P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that unstable and bad-controlled blood glucose were risk factors of delayed cerebral ischemia occurrence (OR 6.032, 95%CI 1.941-18.747, P=0.002; OR 2.889, 95%CI 1.247-6.691, P=0.013) and 30-day all-cause mortality (OR 14.033, 95%CI 1.971-99.921, P=0.008; OR 19.723, 95%CI 3.597-108.143, P=0.001) in aSAH patients. Conclusions The unstable and bad-controlled blood glucose levels in aSAH patients were associated with delayed cerebral ischemia and 30-day mortality.

Key words: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage; Blood glucose fluctuation; Delayed cerebral ischemia; Mortality; Prognosis

摘要： 目的 探讨血糖波动与动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage，aSAH）患者发生迟发性脑缺血（delayed cerebral ischemic，DCI）及30 d死亡的关系。 方法 回顾性收集并分析aSAH患者的临床资料。连续收集患者14 d空腹血糖水平并按其特征分为4组：稳定组（第1天＜7 mmol/L，2～14 d均＜10mmol/L）、不稳定组（第1天＜7 mmol/L，2～14 d至少1次≥10 mmol/L）、控制良好组（第1天≥7 mmol/L，2～14 d均＜10 mmol/L）和控制不良组（第1天≥7 mmol/L，2～14 d至少1次≥10 mmol/L），采用单因素和多因素分析探索血糖波动对患者发生DCI和30 d全因死亡的影响。 结果 研究共纳入341例患者，其中血糖稳定组212例，不稳定组23例，控制良好组62例，控制不良组44例。单因素分析显示，4组的DCI发生率差异有统计学意义（P=0.043），其中不稳定组DCI发生率最高（39.13%），其次是控制不良组（29.55%）、稳定组（17.92%）和控制良好组（17.74%）；30 d全因死亡率差异也有统计学意义（P<0.001），其中控制不良组死亡率最高（15.91%），其次是不稳定组（13.04%）、控制良好组（6.45%）和稳定组（1.42%）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，血糖控制不稳定（OR 6.032，95%CI 1.941～18.747，P=0.002）和控制不良（OR 2.889，95%CI 1.247～6.691，P=0.013）是aSAH患者发生DCI的危险因素，同时，血糖控制不稳定（OR 14.033，95%CI 1.971～99.921，P=0.008）和控制不良（OR 19.723，95%CI 3.597～108.143，P=0.001）也是aSAH患者30 d全因死亡的危险因素。 结论 aSAH患者血糖控制不稳定或控制不良与DCI和30 d死亡相关。

关键词: 动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血; 血糖波动; 迟发性脑缺血; 死亡; 预后