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Table of Content

    20 March 2011, Volume 6 Issue 03
    主编手记
    New Expectations
    WANG Yong-Jun
    2011, 6(03):  181-183. 
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    述评
    Discussions on Translational Medicine in Estrogen Neuroprotection: From Clinical toPreclinical then to Clinical
    YANG Shao-Hua
    2011, 6(03):  184-185. 
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    论著
    Retrospective Investigation on Post-Stroke Depression in Age 50+ Women
    FU Xiao-Ling;CHU Qin-Ying;XIAO San-Mai;et al
    2011, 6(03):  187-191. 
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    Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of post-stroke depression (PSD) in women,and to analysis PSD on old stroke women combination with diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary heartdisease (CHD) or high blood pressure (HBP).Methods From Oct 2009 to Oct 2010, 222 stroke inpatients were involved. To record the diagnosisof PSD and the treatment history, and to analysis the incidence of PSD on patients combined withDM, CHD and HBP.Results 1. Among the 222 stroke patients, 72 were diagnosed as PSD, and 40 of them were givenantidepressant. 2. The incidence of stroke patients combine with DM, CHD and HBP were 55.8%,47.4% and 39.7% respectively. The incidence of PSD on patients combined with DM and CHDwere higher than all patients.Conclusion Seventy-two of the 222 women (32.4%) had PSD. And there were significantdifferences between the stroke women with DM, CHD and all patients.

    Identifying Clinical and Radiologic Factors Influencing Functional Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke of the Anterior Circulation
    MA Li;GAO Pei-Yi;HU Qing-Mao;et al
    2011, 6(03):  192-200. 
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    Objective To identify clinical and imaging predictors of outcome and to develop a clinical/apparent diffusion coefficient score that will enable better patient selection for thrombolytic therapyin acute ischemic stroke.Methods Baseline clinical and radiologic data variables (including predicted volumes obtainedfrom apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) based imaging analysis system) that consideredpossibly related to outcome were selected in 40 patients with acute ischemic stroke of the anteriorcirculation. A univariate analysis was conducted to explore the association between these factorsand bad outcome, defined as a modified Rankin scale score≥2. Logistic regression was thenperformed to select the most important variables independently affecting prognosis. Receiveroperator characteristic curve (ROC) was then used to obtain cut-off points for each independentvariable. A risk score (clinical/apparent diffusion coefficient score) was then developed based onthese variables. The predictive value of the clinical/multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)score was compared with single clinical data with respect to the clinical outcome 3 months afterstroke onset by use of modified Rankin Scale (mRS).Results In the univariate analysis, variables associated with poor outcome were: age, baselineNational Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), predicted infarct core volume, predictedsalvageable ischemic tissue volume, predicted final infarct volume, final infarct volume andadmission diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesion volume. Four variables independentlyassociated with poor outcome were identified by Logistic regression: age, predicted infarct corevolume, predicted final infarct volume and NIHSS. We then developed the clinical/ apparentdiffusion coefficient score: 1 point for age>58 years, 1 for predicted infarct core volume>5.84 ml, 1for predicted final infarct volume>10.6 ml and 1 for>12 for NIHSS. The factor that most accuratelypredicted good clinical outcome 3 months after stroke was clinical/apparent diffusion coefficientscore (area under the curve=0.878, P <0.001), followed by final infarct volume (area under thecurve=0.802, P =0.001), predicted final infarct volume (area under the curve=0.797, P =0.001),predicted infarct core volume (area under the curve=0.739, P =0.01), baseline NIHSS (areaunder the curve=0.759, P =0.005), predicted salvageable ischemic tissue volume (area under thecurve=0.719, P =0.018) and baseline DWI lesion volume (area under the curve=0.693, P =0.037).Conclusion Clinical/apparent diffusion coefficient score based on clinical and radiologic data issuperior to single clinical and ADC in estimating the chances of poor outcome.
    Familial Multiple Cavernous Malformations of the Central Nervous System
    LIU Li;CAIYi-Ling;LI Wei;et al
    2011, 6(03):  202-205. 
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    Objective By retrospective analysis clinical manifestations of four cases with familial centralnervous system multiple cavernous malformations (CMs), to promote the understanding anddiagnostic acuity of the disease.Methods Four patients in a pedigree were asked to conduct a detailed medical history, medicalexaminations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electroencephalogram.Results The family is incomplete in autosomal dominant inheritance. There were Multiple CMs inthe central nervous system. MRI on the performance of the "iron ring" sign is an important featureof the disease; Susceptibility-weighted imaging is more sensitive imaging sequence.Conclusion Multiple CMs are in the all patients of the family. MRI examination is an important diagnostic method.
    Clinical Analysis of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Spontaneous IntracranialHypotension
    SONG Tian;YANG Zhong-Hua.
    2011, 6(03):  206-209. 
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    Objective The occurrence of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) has been reported rarely amongpatients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). We reviewed our experience andattempted to establish a causal relationship between these 2 entities.Methods We reported 2 cases in our experience with spontaneous intracranial hypotension andcerebral venous thrombosis and reviewed the relevant literature.Results Clinical or radiographic evidences for SIH preceding CVT were found in 2 patients. Therewere no other CVT risk factors in 2 cases, except SIH. Therefore we proposed that SIH should beconsidered as one of risk factors of CVT. CVT relieved after the intracranial pressure was corrected.Conclusion Spontaneous intracranial hypotension may result in cerebral venous thrombosis,which is also confirmed by relevant literatures.
    Expression of Glutamate Receptor Interacting Protein and GlutamateReceptor 2 in thePenumbra Cortex of Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Model Rats
    YUAN Hua;LONG Hua;MOU Xiang;et al
    2011, 6(03):  210-214. 
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    Objective To explore the expression of glutamate interacting protein (GRIP) and its relationshipwith glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) after ischemia/reperfusion in rats brain.Methods Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into ischemia-reperfusiongroup and sham group. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was achieved with the use of anintraluminal filament to occlude the left MCA. Then the reperfusion was applied for different lengthof time. Sham-operations were also done (n=6). At 1, 6, 12, 24 and 72 hour after reperfusion, allrats were decapitated. Western blot was used to determine the expression of GRIP, GluR2 on themembrane and in the cytoplasm.Results Western blot showed that at 1h, 6h, 12h, 24h and 72h after reperfusion, the ratio of GRIPin operation group to that in sham group were from 1.11±0.21, 1.42±0.03, 1.49±0.03, 1.31±0.03 and1.20±0.03. It showed significant increase (P <0.01) compared with sham except 1h group. The ratioof GluR2 on the membrane to that in the cytoplasm were 1.38±0.12, 1.78±0.11, 3.53±0.15, 4.62±0.24and 0.87±0.08 respectively. It also exhibited significant than sham group (P <0.01) except 1h group.Conclusion Both GRIP and GluR2 on the membrane increased obviously after ischemiareperfusion,which may take an important role in the AMPA receptor mediated excitotoxic injury.【

    专题论坛
    Estrogen and Neuroprotective
    YUAN Hui;YUAN Fang;REN Ming;et al
    2011, 6(03):  216-222. 
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    病例讨论
    Analysis of One Patient with Multiple Aneurysms
    YIN Rui;ZHAO Yuan-Li
    2011, 6(03):  227-230. 
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    指南与规范
    Effectiveness-Based Guidelines for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women 2011Update: A Guideline From the American Heart Association
    WEI Xuan-Hui;XU Jie;WANGZhan;et al
    2011, 6(03):  231-237. 
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    综述
    Research Development of Methods Predicting Early Risks of Stroke in Patients with Transient Ischemic Attack
    LENG Xin-Yi;WANG Yi-Long;WANG Yong-Jun;et al
    2011, 6(03):  238-242. 
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    Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a common cerebrovascular disease, which bearshigh risks of early stroke after onset. Recently, there emerged several methods predicting early risksof stroke in TIA patients. In order to evaluate stroke risks more accurately, and so as to promote theindividualized management and treatment of TIA patients, we reviewed the research developmentof stroke risk predicting methods of TIA patients in the past a few years.
    Helicobacter Pylori and Atherosclerosis
    YANG Xu;ZHENG Zhi-Dong;LI Xin-Yi;et al
    2011, 6(03):  243-247. 
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    Helicobacter pylori (Hp) can cause gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. Therehas been increasing evidence that the prevalence of Hp infection may be increased in patientswith stroke that is due to atherosclerosis. Several pathogenic mechanisms could help to explainthis association. Inflammatory response and metabolic disorder induced by Hp may promoteatherosclerotic process. This article reviews biological characteristics and pathogenic mechanism ofassociation between Hp infection and atherosclerosis.
    教学园地
    Role of Regular Meeting in Education of Cerebrovascular Disease Postgraduates
    ZHANG Ning;ZHAO Xing-Quan;ZHANG Zai-Qiang;et al
    2011, 6(03):  249-252. 
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