Table of Content

20 January 2026, Volume 21 Issue 1

Previous Issue   

Highlights in Stroke in 2025

XIONG Yunyun, LU Zhengzhao, MA Ying, SHAN Dawei, WU Na, HAO Manjun, MA Yujie, WU Shuangzhe, LI Zhixin, SHEN Kejia, TANG Yizhe, WANG Yongjun

2026, 21(1):  1-23.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.01.001

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2110KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In 2025, clinical research in cerebrovascular diseases continued to advance amid challenges and opportunities. Global researchers conducted extensive explorations in expanding the boundaries of reperfusion therapy for ischemic stroke, optimizing adjuvant treatment strategies, and advancing precision in secondary prevention. Despite facing setbacks from negative outcomes in areas such as neuroprotection, endovascular treatment for medium vessel occlusion, and rehabilitation therapy, breakthrough progress in adjuvant reperfusion therapy and late-window thrombolysis injected strong momentum into clinical practice of cerebrovascular diseases. This article reviews and interprets key clinical studies in the field of cerebrovascular diseases in 2025, aiming to help readers grasp academic frontiers and track disciplinary developments through a synthesis of these high-quality studies, thereby enabling better alignment with evidence-based practices in clinical decision-making.

Clinical Research and Prospects of Novel Intravenous Thrombolytic Agents for Acute Ischemic Stroke within the Standard Time Window

HE Dandan, XU Shuhong, LI Shuya

2026, 21(1):  24-29.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.01.002

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1641KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Reperfusion therapy is the cornerstone intervention for improving the prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke. Over the past three decades, alteplase has maintained a dominant position in the field of intravenous thrombolysis. However, its clinical applications are confronted with numerous practical challenges, including global supply shortages, cumbersome clinical administration protocols, and a relatively elevated risk of hemorrhage, all of which limit the widespread implementation of this therapeutic approach. Novel intravenous thrombolytic agents, including tenecteplase, reteplase, and prourokinase, have shown promising thrombolytic potential in preliminary exploratory studies. Recent confirmatory clinical trials have further demonstrated that these new intravenous thrombolytic agents exhibit non-inferior efficacy and safety profiles compared to alteplase. This review systematically summarizes the molecular structures, pharmacological properties, and key clinical trial data of these novel thrombolytic agents, provides an in-depth analysis of the clinical application characteristics of different agents, and discusses the emerging opportunities and challenges facing intravenous thrombolysis in the context of multiple therapeutic options. It aims to enhance the accessibility and standardization of intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke, optimize the quality of medical services, and facilitate the advancement of intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke into a new phase.

Advances in Intravenous Thrombolysis Therapy within the Standard Time Window in the New Reperfusion Era

LI Shuya

2026, 21(1):  30-30. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1480KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Comparison of Short-Term Neurological Function Recovery between Tenecteplase and Alteplase in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Linear Mixed-Effects Model Analysis

HUANG Xuyang, LI Runhui

2026, 21(1):  31-37.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.01.003

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2179KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To analyze the early therapeutic effects of tenecteplase versus alteplase in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), clarify the efficacy differences between the two intravenous thrombolytic agents, and provide evidence-based references for the individualized selection of clinical intravenous thrombolysis regimens. 
Methods  Patients with AIS who received intravenous thrombolysis in the Department of Neurology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College from January 2020 to December 2023 were retrospectively and consecutively enrolled. These patients were divided into a tenecteplase group and an alteplase group according to the medication regimen. Baseline data of the two groups were collected, including age, gender, past medical history, onset-to-needle time, and baseline NIHSS score. NIHSS scores were recorded at baseline and multiple time points after intravenous thrombolysis (24 h, 72 h, 7 d, 14 d, 90 d). A linear mixed-effects model was used for statistical analysis, with a focus on the effect of the group×time interaction term on the rate of neurological function recovery. Meanwhile, residual normality test, homogeneity of variance test, multicollinearity diagnosis, and leave-one-out robustness validation were performed to ensure the reliability of the model. 
Results  A total of 580 AIS patients were included, with 300 (51.7%) in the tenecteplase group and 280 (48.3%) in the alteplase group. Compared with the alteplase group, the tenecteplase group had significantly higher baseline NIHSS scores [(16.2±4.5) points vs. (14.1±4.2) points] and a higher proportion of patients with a history of atrial fibrillation (28.3% vs. 20.7%), with both differences statistically significant (both P<0.05). Linear mixed-effects model analysis showed that: ①The main effect of group was significant (β=1.80, 95%CI 0.27-3.33, P=0.03), and the NIHSS score in the tenecteplase group was significantly higher than that in the alteplase group at baseline; ②The main effect of time was significant (β=-0.60, 95%CI -0.72--0.48, P<0.01), indicating that the NIHSS scores of both groups showed a downward trend over time; ③The group×time interaction effect was significant (β=-0.40, 95%CI -0.63--0.17, P<0.01), suggesting that the NIHSS scores decreased more rapidly in the tenecteplase group than in the alteplase group; ④Among the covariate effects, age (β=0.08, 95%CI 0.02-0.14, P=0.02) and baseline NIHSS score (β=0.85, 95%CI 0.67-1.03, P<0.01) were independent influencing factors for neurological function recovery. Model validation results indicated a good goodness of fit. 
Conclusions  After adjusting for baseline confounding factors, tenecteplase achieves faster short-term neurological function recovery than alteplase in AIS patients, and thus can serve as one of the preferred regimens for intravenous thrombolysis in ultra-early AIS (onset≤4.5 h).


Predictive Value of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio for Prognosis in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke after Intravenous Thrombolysis: An Individual Patient Data Analysis Based on Three Randomized Controlled Trials

HE Dandan, FENG Baoyu, LIU Gaifen, GU Hongqiu, LI Shuya

2026, 21(1):  38-47.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.01.004

Asbtract ( )   PDF (5728KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To analyze the association between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) before intravenous thrombolysis, at 24 hours and 7 days after intravenous thrombolysis and poor prognosis at 90 days in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) within 4.5 hours of onset.
Methods  This study integrated data of AIS patients who received intravenous thrombolysis within 4.5 hours of onset from three phase Ⅲ clinical trials (TRACE-Ⅱ, RAISE, PROST-2) conducted in China between March 2021 and March 2024. According to the mRS score at 90 days after intravenous thrombolysis, patients were divided into a favorable prognosis (mRS score 0-1) group and a poor prognosis (mRS score 2-6) group. Baseline characteristics including age, gender, and past medical history, as well as inflammatory indicators before intravenous thrombolysis, at 24 hours and 7 days after intravenous thrombolysis were collected for both groups. The inflammatory indicators included white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, neutrophil count, NLR, systemic immune inflammation index, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-neutrophil ratio. The AUC was used to evaluate the predictive value of each inflammatory indicator for poor prognosis at 90 days in AIS patients after intravenous thrombolysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline model were applied to analyze the association between NLR and poor prognosis at 90 days in AIS patients after intravenous thrombolysis.
Results  A total of 4273 AIS patients were enrolled. Among the seven inflammatory indicators measured at different time points, NLR at 24 hours after intravenous thrombolysis showed the best predictive efficacy for poor prognosis at 90 days (AUC 0.69). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that elevated NLR was associated with an increased risk of poor prognosis at 90 days (OR 1.17, 95%CI 1.14-1.21, P<0.001). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, patients with NLR≥3.21 had a 1.55-fold higher risk of poor prognosis at 90 days compared to those with NLR<3.21 (OR 2.55, 95%CI 2.19-2.97, P<0.001). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a positive nonlinear relationship between NLR at 24 hours after intravenous thrombolysis and the risk of poor prognosis at 90 days in AIS patients (P<0.001).
Conclusions  For AIS patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis within the standard time window, an NLR cutoff value of 3.21 can identify high risk populations with poor prognosis, providing a simple and objective reference for individualized clinical intervention.







Comparison of Efficacy and Safety between Reteplase and Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Complicated with Arrhythmia

ZHAO Min, FENG Baoyu, HE Dandan, WANG Weicong, LI Shuya

2026, 21(1):  48-54.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.01.005

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2113KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To analyze the efficacy and safety of reteplase versus alteplase in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients complicated with arrhythmia.
Methods  The RAISE (reteplase versus alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke within 4.5 hours) study was a multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label, outcome-blinded phase Ⅲ clinical trial designed to compare reteplase and alteplase in the treatment of AIS patients within 4.5 hours of onset. This study was a post-hoc analysis of AIS patients complicated with arrhythmia enrolled in the RAISE study. Patients were divided into the reteplase group and the alteplase group according to the thrombolytic agent administered. The primary efficacy outcome was the proportion of patients achieving an mRS score of 0-1 at 90 days post-thrombolysis, and the primary safety outcome was the occurrence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 36 hours post-thrombolysis. This study compared the clinical efficacy and safety differences between the two thrombolytic agents in AIS patients complicated with arrhythmia. 
Results  A total of 129 AIS patients complicated with arrhythmia were included in this study, with 59 cases in the reteplase group and 70 cases in the alteplase group. For the primary efficacy outcome, the proportion of patients achieving an mRS score of 0-1 at 90 days post-thrombolysis in the reteplase group showed a trend toward being higher than that in the alteplase group, but the difference was not statistically significant (68.4% vs. 66.2%, RR 1.07, 95%CI 0.85-1.35, P=0.560). For the secondary efficacy outcome, the proportion of patients with significant neurological improvement (defined as a reduction in NIHSS score≥4 points or an NIHSS score≤1) at 7 days post-thrombolysis was significantly higher in the reteplase group than in the alteplase group (78.9% vs. 61.2%, RR 1.25, 95%CI 1.03-1.51, P=0.021). No statistically significant differences were observed in all safety outcomes between the two thrombolytic agents in the treatment of AIS patients complicated with arrhythmia. Specifically, the rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 36 hours post-thrombolysis were 1.7% in the reteplase group and 1.4% in the alteplase group (RR 1.07, 95%CI 0.07-15.25, P=0.963), and the mortality within 90 days post-thrombolysis was 10.2% and 5.7%, respectively (RR 1.41, 95%CI 0.49-4.07, P=0.520).
Conclusions  For AIS patients complicated with arrhythmia within 4.5 hours of onset, reteplase and alteplase exhibited comparable efficacy and safety. Therefore, reteplase may be considered as an alternative to alteplase in thrombolytic therapy.







Research Progress on Peripheral Blood Inflammatory Indices and Prognosis in Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke

HE Dandan, LI Shuya

2026, 21(1):  55-64.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.01.006

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1937KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Intravenous thrombolysis is an important reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, some patients still face challenges such as poor functional prognosis and increased risk of bleeding after intravenous thrombolysis. Inflammatory responses play a crucial role in the pathophysiological process of AIS. They not only contribute to the occurrence and development of ischemic brain injury, but also affect the efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis. Due to their convenience, cost-effectiveness, and ability to be dynamically monitored, peripheral blood inflammatory indices have shown significant potential value in prognostic assessment of AIS patients. This article systematically elucidates the mechanisms of inflammatory responses after AIS onset and the research progress of related anti-inflammatory therapies. It also reviews the associations between commonly used inflammatory indices in intravenous thrombolysis (such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic inflammatory response index, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio) and patient prognosis, providing a reference for selecting potential beneficiaries of anti-inflammatory therapy in AIS based on inflammatory indices.



A Case Report of Intravenous Thrombolysis for Pediatric Acute Ischemic Stroke‌

ZONG Lixia, FU Qiang, DU Wanliang

2026, 21(1):  65-69.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.01.007

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2653KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical trials related to pediatric stroke are limited, and evidence-based support for acute-phase treatment regimens remains insufficient. This paper reports the clinical diagnosis and treatment process of a 14-year-old male patient with acute ischemic stroke. After receiving intravenous thrombolysis, the patient’s neurological deficit symptoms were improved. Subsequent etiological examinations indicated patent foramen ovale, and elective patent foramen ovale closure was then performed. The patient was prescribed long-term antiplatelet therapy postoperatively. During a one-year follow-up, no stroke recurrence was observed.

Predictive Value of Cerebral Venous Outflow on Multiphase CTA for Short-Term Prognosis in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke after Endovascular Treatment

YIN Zixin, LU Shanshan, SHI Haibin, WU Feiyun, XU Xiaoquan

2026, 21(1):  70-77.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.01.008

Asbtract ( )   PDF (3250KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To explore the predictive value of cerebral venous outflow (CVO) based on multiphase CTA for short-term prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after endovascular treatment (EVT). 
Methods  Patients with AIS who underwent EVT at the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University from March 2023 to January 2024 were retrospectively enrolled. They were divided into a favorable prognosis group (mRS score 0-2) and a poor prognosis group (mRS score 3-6) based on the mRS score at 90 days after EVT. Three-phase (arterial peak phase, venous peak phase, and late venous phase) CTA images were reconstructed using original CTP data. CVO status was evaluated on each CTA phase using the cortical vein opacification score (COVES). Favorable CVO was defined as a COVES of 3-6 points, and poor CVO was defined as a COVES of 0-2 points. Univariate analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test and χ2 test. Variables with statistically significant differences were included in multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify independent influencing factors for the short-term prognosis of AIS patients after EVT. Predictive efficacy of different models was assessed using ROC curves. 
Results  A total of 82 AIS patients were enrolled, including 43 patients in the favorable prognosis group and 39 patients in the poor prognosis group. Compared with the favorable prognosis group, the poor prognosis group had significantly higher baseline NIHSS scores, a lower proportion of favorable CVO in the venous peak phase, a lower Alberta stroke program early CT score (ASPECTS), and larger baseline core infarction volume (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that baseline NIHSS score (OR 1.134, 95%CI 1.030-1.247, P=0.010), favorable CVO in the venous peak phase (OR 0.070, 95%CI 0.020-0.245, P<0.001), and ASPECTS (OR 0.723, 95%CI 0.539-0.971, P=0.031) were independent influencing factors for short-term prognosis of AIS patients after EVT. ROC curve analysis showed that Model 1 (incorporating baseline NIHSS score and ASPECTS) had an AUC of 0.773 (95%CI 0.668-0.859) for predicting short-term poor prognosis, with a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 81.4%. Model 2 (incorporating baseline NIHSS score, ASPECTS, and favorable CVO in the venous peak phase) had an AUC of 0.874 (95%CI 0.782-0.937), with a sensitivity of 89.7% and a specificity of 72.1%. The predictive efficacy of Model 2 was significantly superior to that of Model 1 (P=0.024). 
Conclusions  Venous peak phase is the optimal phase for evaluating CVO by CTA. Incorporating favorable CVO in the venous peak phase into the prediction model can improve the predictive efficacy for short-term prognosis of AIS patients after EVT.


A Study on an Object Detection Model for Detecting Acute Small-Area Infarct Lesions on NCCT

BAN Qiqi, WANG Wei, GUO Yuan, LI Yang, SU Xingyue, QU Hang

2026, 21(1):  78-87.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.01.009

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2692KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To develop an object detection model for the automatic detection of acute small-area infarct lesions on non-contrast CT (NCCT) based on an improved YOLOv5 deep learning model.
Methods   Patients with acute ischemic stroke who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from January 2018 to December 2023 were enrolled in this retrospective study. They were randomly divided into a training/validation set, and a test set at a ratio of 10∶1. The training/validation set was used for model parameter fitting, applied to compare different loss functions for optimal model selection, and the detection performance of the model was evaluated using precision, recall, and mean average precision (mAP). The test set was utilized for the independent assessment of diagnostic efficacy. MRI DWI images were registered with NCCT images, and the lesions were labeled on the NCCT images. With the DWI-Alberta stroke program early CT score (ASPECTS) as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the model and physicians in detecting infarct lesions in each ASPECTS brain region were calculated respectively in the test set. The McNemar test was adopted to compare the differences in diagnostic efficacy between the model and physicians. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and weighted Kappa test were used to evaluate the consistency of CT-ASPECTS derived from the model/physicians and the gold standard DWI-ASPECTS. Meanwhile, the Bootstrap resampling method was used to test the difference between the two consistency coefficients.
Results  A total of 275 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled, including 250 patients in the training/validation set, and 25 patients in the test set. The improved YOLOv5 deep learning model achieved the optimal performance during the training/validation phase, with a precision of 0.824, a recall of 0.810, and an mAP@0.5 of 0.785. In the test set, comparison results of lesion detection efficacy showed that the overall accuracy (96.00% vs. 91.11%) and specificity (98.74% vs. 94.70%) of the model group were significantly superior to the physician group (both P<0.001). The model group showed a trend toward higher sensitivity compared to the physician group (75.93% vs. 64.81%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.288). In the subgroup analysis of each brain region, the accuracy of the model group in the M6 brain region was higher than that of the physician group (98.00% vs. 84.00%, P=0.039). The consistency between the CT-ASPECTS of the model group and the gold standard DWI-ASPECTS (ICC 0.669, P<0.001; weighted κ=0.447, P<0.001) tended to be higher than that between CT-ASPECTS of the physician group and the gold standard DWI-ASPECTS (ICC 0.452, P=0.010; weighted κ=0.247, P=0.054). Bootstrap analysis showed that the difference in weighted κ between the model group and the physician group was statistically significant (P=0.044).
Conclusions  The object detection model constructed in this study can realize automatic detection of acute small-area infarct lesions on NCCT images of patients with acute ischemic stroke. It is conducive to reducing missed diagnoses, improving the efficiency of imaging diagnosis, and providing a reliable auxiliary tool for clinical practice.




Chinese Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Chinese Stroke Association, Writing Group of Chinese Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside in Acute Ischemic Stroke

2026, 21(1):  88-98.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.01.010

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2105KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

To further standardize the application of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), ensure medication safety, and optimize therapeutic efficacy, the Chinese Stroke Association convened a panel of experts. Based on a systematic review of the latest clinical research evidence from both domestic and international studies, and incorporating experts’ clinical expertise, the panel developed the Chinese Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside in Acute Ischemic Stroke through multiple rounds of discussion and revision. This consensus systematically elaborates on the pharmacological mechanisms of GM1, focusing on four key clinical issues: the efficacy and timing of GM1 in the treatment of AIS, its safety and common adverse reactions, its effectiveness in combination with reperfusion therapy, and its application in special AIS populations. Targeted and feasible consensus recommendations have been formed accordingly. The development of this consensus aims to provide scientific reference and guidance for clinicians in China to standardize the use of GM1 in the treatment of AIS.

A Case Report of Cerebral Infarction Caused by Large Vessel Disease after Herpes Zoster

LIU Sixiao, WU Wei, FENG Shuo, FAN Yutian, WANG Wei, LIANG Jiye

2026, 21(1):  99-104.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.01.011

Asbtract ( )   PDF (3166KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation is closely associated with ischemic stroke. Its main mechanisms include direct viral invasion of cerebral blood vessels leading to endothelial injury, immune-mediated inflammatory responses, and secondary thrombosis. This article reports a 52-year-old female patient who developed cerebral ischemic symptoms in both posterior circulation and anterior circulation 10 days after the onset of right-sided cervical-shoulder herpes zoster. Imaging examinations revealed multiple infarcts in the right cerebellum and cerebral hemisphere, along with occlusion of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery, which achieved partial recanalization after mechanical thrombectomy. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis demonstrated inflammatory changes and weakly positive VZV-DNA. After excluding common etiologies of stroke, a suspected diagnosis of VZV-related large-vessel cerebral infarction was considered. This case report, combined with relevant literature, aims to emphasize that when encountering unexplained or multi-territory cerebral infarction, clinicians should pay attention to the history of herpes zoster and be alert to VZV-related cerebrovascular disease, thereby enhancing the recognition and comprehensive management of such strokes.



Exploring Individualized Diagnosis and Treatment for Post-Stroke Depression Based on Neurotransmitter Atlas: A Report of Two Cases

ZHANG Zhijie, ZHANG Hua, WEI Jingpei, QIAN Xunqi, ZHAO Zijun

2026, 21(1):  105-112.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.01.012

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2870KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Post-stroke depression (PSD) patients often exhibit significantly reduced 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels. This alteration is closely associated with stroke-induced disruption of neural pathways and metabolic abnormalities. Serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as sertraline, the first-line antidepressant drugs, selectively inhibit presynaptic 5-HT reuptake, thereby increasing synaptic 5-HT concentrations. This case report describes two cases of ischemic PSD. Using molecular imaging techniques, the stroke lesions and affected nuclei were mapped onto 5-HT receptor/transporter density atlases, and accordingly identified presynaptic and postsynaptic injury subtypes. The results showed that the two patients presented with presynaptic injury and postsynaptic injury, respectively, suggesting that different PSD subtypes may exhibit differential response to sertraline in antidepressant treatment. This case report provides novel insights for developing precise diagnostic subtypes and individualized treatment strategies for PSD.







A Case Report of Ischemic Stroke Complicated with Persistent Trigeminal Artery

WANG Yicong, LI Jijin, CHEN Weiqi, PU Yuehua, LIAO Xiaoling, ZHOU Heng, QU Hui, WANG Yilong

2026, 21(1):  113-117.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.01.013

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2137KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Persistent trigeminal artery (PTA) is a vascular variation connecting the internal carotid artery system and the vertebrobasilar artery system, with relatively few clinical reports. This paper presents a case of ischemic stroke complicated with PTA. The patient was characterized by multiple infarction, involving both the anterior and posterior circulations, with the etiological type identified as large artery atherosclerosis, and the pathogenesis considered to be artery-to-artery embolism. At onset, the patient presented with sudden gait instability and speech disturbance, which persisted without remission. Neurological deficits were observed on physical examination. Imaging examinations revealed multiple acute infarcts in the right internal carotid artery system and the vertebrobasilar artery system. Vascular-related examinations showed multiple intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic changes, with stenosis and ulcerated plaque in the right internal carotid artery, combined with PTA vascular variation. After comprehensive evaluation, the patient was treated with dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin plus ticagrelor, intensive lipid-lowering therapy, and plaque stabilization therapy. Follow-up after discharge showed improvement in symptoms and achievement of target values for relevant laboratory indicators.

Application of Emerging Internet Technologies in Stroke Rehabilitation

MA Yaqi, HUO Yongyang, YAN Jie, LUO Jiao, XU Ying, ZHOU Xinyue, WANG Yulong

2026, 21(1):  118-129.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2026.01.014

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2145KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Stroke rehabilitation is characterized by multidisciplinary collaboration and long-term management. Conventional stroke rehabilitation models are limited by subjective assessments, insufficient dynamic adjustments, and uneven distribution of resources. Emerging internet technologies, including motion capture, blockchain, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality, provide new solutions for optimizing the allocation of stroke rehabilitation resources. This paper systematically reviews the applications of these emerging internet technologies in stroke rehabilitation assessment, training, and information management. It also analyzes the challenges in security, privacy, and cost-effectiveness, and proposes three prospective development directions to provide a reference for the transformation of stroke rehabilitation toward precision and efficiency.