脑穿支动脉病变梗死类型和神经影像学研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2021.09.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 大脑前动脉、大脑中动脉及后循环血管的穿支动脉，如豆纹动脉、脉络膜前动脉（anterior choroidal artery，AChA）和髓质动脉等，阻塞会导致脑深部缺血性病变。不同穿支动脉梗死类型不同：豆纹动脉供血区域的梗死类型为腔隙性梗死、穿支动脉粥样硬化病型梗死和纹状体内囊梗死； AChA病变可导致AChA综合征；髓质分支梗死会导致半卵圆中心、放射冠部位的边界区梗死。7T二维相位对比MRI、三维时间飞跃法MRA和三维快速自旋回波T1WI序列等神经影像学新技术有助于确定穿支动脉早期病变，并可早期发现疾病的发生发展。

文章导读： 不同穿支动脉梗死类型不同。7T 2D-PC-MRI 、HR 3D-TOF-MRA、HR 3D-FSE T1WI等神经影像学新技术有助
于确定穿支动脉早期病变，并可发现疾病的发生发展。

关键词: 脑穿支动脉病变；腔隙性脑梗死；穿支动脉粥样硬化病；纹状体内囊梗死；边界区梗死；二维相位对比磁共振成像；三维时间飞跃法磁共振血管成像

Abstract: The occlusion of the perforating branches of the anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery and posterior circulation, such as lenticulostriate artery, anterior choroidal artery (AChA) and medullary artery, can cause deep cerebral ischemic lesions. The types of different perforating artery infarcts are different. For example, the infarction located in the lenticulostriate artery territory are lacunar infarction, branch atheromatous disease (BAD) infarction and striatocapsular infarction (SCI); AChA lesions can lead to "AChA syndrome"; the medullary branches lesions can lead to the border-zone infarction between the semi-oval center and corona radiate. The new neuroimaging technologies (such as 7T two-dimensional phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging, three-dimensional time of flight magnetic resonance angiography, threedimensional fast spin-echo T1WI, etc.) can help physicians to identify the early perforating artery lesions, and detect the occurrence and development of these perforating artery diseases early.

Key words: Cerebral perforating artery disease; Lacunar infarction; Branch atheromatous
disease; Striatocapsular infarction; Border-zone infarction; Two-dimensional phase contrast
magnetic resonance imaging; Three-dimensional time of flight magnetic resonance angiography

王一轻, 刘平国, 沈佳慧, 蔡增林. 脑穿支动脉病变梗死类型和神经影像学研究进展[J]. 中国卒中杂志, 2021, 16(09): 877-882.

WANG Yi-Qing, LIU Ping-Guo, SHEN Jia-Hui, CAI Zeng-Lin. Infarct Types and Neuroimaging Progress of Cerebral Perforating Artery Disease[J]. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 2021, 16(09): 877-882.

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