关键词: 缺血性卒中; 危险因素; 儿童

Abstract: Objective To summarize the risk factors, etiology and clinical features of ischemic stroke in children.Methods The clinical data of 81 children with ischemic stroke who were hospitalized in Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Medical University from Jan. 2002 to Jun. 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. Eighty-one children were enrolled.Results There were 60 boys and 21 girls, median onset age of stroke was 6.99 years(ranged from 7 months to 18 years old). Risk factors and etiology included head trauma(37.04%), infection(16.05%), hyperhomocysteinemia(9.88%), vasculitis(7.4%), cardiac disease(6.17%), dissection(6.17%), moyamoya disease(4.94%), aneurysm(1.23%) and neurofibromatosis type I(1.23%). 28.4 percent(n=23) had no identifiable cause. The most frequent clinical manifestation was hemiplegia(92.6%). Central facial paralysis was found in 46 cases. Other neurological manifestation included abnormal feeling, headache and epilepsy. Basal ganglia infarction was found in sixty cases(74.1%) and infarction on the left side was more common than on the right.Conclusion The peak onset of arterial ischemic stroke(AIS) in children is in infancy. Hemiplegia is the most common neurological manifestation. Basal ganglia is the most common territory of infarction. Anterior circulation is more easily involved than posterior circulation.

Key words: Ischemic stroke; Risk factors; Children