1 Klit H, Finnerup NB, Jensen TS. Central post-stroke pain clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and management[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2009, 8:857-868. 2 Misra UK, Kalita J, Kumar B. A study of clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, and somatosensory-evoked potential in central post-stroke pain[J]. J Pain, 2008, 9:1116-1122. 3 Raffaeli W, Minella CE, Magnani F, et al. Population-based study of central post-stroke pain in Rimini district, Italy[J]. J Pain Res, 2013, 6:705-711. 4 Flaster M, Meresh E, Rao M, et al. Central poststroke pain:current diagnosis and treatment[J]. Top Stroke Rehabil, 2013, 20:116-123. 5 Widar M, Samuelsson L, Karlsson-Tivenius S, et al. Long-term pain conditions after a stroke[J]. J Rehabil Med, 2002, 34:165-170. 6 Kong KH, Woon VC, Yang SY. Prevalence of chronic pain and its impact on health-related quality of life in stroke survivors[J]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2004, 85:35-40. 7 Kim JS. Aggravation of poststroke sensory symptoms after a second stroke on the opposite side[J]. Eur Neurol, 1999, 42:200-204. 8 Hansson P. Post-stroke pain case study:clinical characteristics, therapeutic options and long-term follow-up[J]. Eur J Neurol, 2004, 11:22-30. 9 Siniscalchi A, Gallelli L, De Sarro G, et al. Antiepileptic drugs for central post-stroke pain management[J]. Pharmacol Res, 2012, 65:171-175.10 Bae SH, Kim GD, Kim KY. Analgesic effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on central post-stroke pain[J]. Tohoku J Exp Med, 2014, 234:189-195.11 Kumar G, Soni CR. Central post-stroke pain:current evidence[J]. J Neurol Sci, 2009, 284:10-17.12 Krause T, Brunecker P, Pittl S, et al. Thalamic sensory strokes with and without pain:differences in lesion patterns in the ventral posterior thalamus[J]. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2012, 83:776-784.13 Kim JS. Pure sensory stroke. Clinical-radiological correlates of 21 cases[J]. Stroke, 1992, 23:983-987.14 Kim JH, Greenspan JD, Coghill RC, et al. Lesions limited to the human thalamic principal somatosensory nucleus (ventral caudal) are associated with loss of cold sensations and central pain[J]. J Neurosci, 2007, 27:4995-5004.15 Garcia-Larrea L, Maarrawi J, Peyron R, et al. On the relation between sensory deafferentation, pain and thalamic activity in Wallenberg's syndrome:a PET-scan study before and after motor cortex stimulation[J]. Eur J Pain, 2006, 10:677-688.16 Lenz FA, Gracely RH, Rowland LH, et al. A population of cells in the human thalamic principal sensory nucleus respond to painful mechanical stimuli[J]. Neurosci Lett, 1994, 180:46-50.17 Yezierski RP. Spinal cord injury:a model of central neuropathic pain[J]. Neurosignals, 2005, 14:182-193.18 Kim JS, Bashford G, Murphy TK, et a1. Safety and efficacy of pregabalin in patients with central post-stroke pain[J]. Pain, 201l, 152:1018-1023.19 Andersen G, Vestergaard K, Ingeman-Nielsen M, et al. Incidence of central post-stroke pain[J]. Pain, 1995, 61:187-193.20 Hong JH, Bai DS, Jeong JY, et al. Injury of the spino-thalamo-cortical pathway is necessary for central post-stroke pain[J]. Eur Neurol, 2010, 64:163-168.21 Craig AD. A new view of pain as a homeostatic emotion[J]. Trends Neurosci, 2003, 26:303-307.22 Bowsher D. Central pain:clinical and physiological characteristics[J]. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 1996, 61:62-69.23 Kumar B, Kalita J, Kumar G, et al. Central poststroke pain:a review of pathophysiology and treatment[J]. Anesth Analg, 2009, 108:1645-1657.24 Greenspan JD, Ohara S, Sarlani E, et al. Allodynia in patients with post-stroke central pain (CPSP) studied by statistical quantitative sensory testing within individuals[J]. Pain, 2004, 109:357-366.25 Frese A, Husstedt IW, Ringelstein EB, et al. Pharmacologic treatment of central post-stroke pain[J]. Clin J Pain, 2006, 22:252-260.26 Finnerup NB, Otto M, McQuay HJ, et al. Algorithm for neuropathic pain treatment:an evidence based proposal[J]. Pain, 2005, 118:289-305.27 Serpell MG; Neuropathic pain study group. Gabapentin in neuropathic pain syndromes:a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial[J]. Pain, 2002, 99:557-566.28 Lampl C, Yazdi K, Röper C. Amitriptyline in the prophylaxis of central poststroke pain. Preliminary results of 39 patients in a placebo-controlled, long-term study[J]. Stroke, 2002, 33:3030-3032.29 Siniscalchi A, Gallelli L, De Sarro G, et al. Antiepileptic drugs for central post-stroke pain management[J]. Pharmalco Res, 2012, 65:171-175.30 LaRoche SM, Helmers SL. The new antiepileptic drugs:clinical applications[J]. JAMA, 2004, 291:615-620.31 Johannessen Landmark C, Patsalos PN. Drug interactions involving the new second - and third-generation antiepileptic drugs[J]. Expert Rev Neurother, 2010, 10:119-140.32 Taira T, Hori T. Intrathecal baclofen in the treatment of post-stroke central pain, dystonia, and persistent vegetative state[J]. Acta Neurochir Suppl, 2007, 97:227-229.33 Kishima H, Saitoh Y, Osaki Y, et al. Motor cortex stimulation in patients with deafferentation pain:activation of the posterior insula and thalamus[J]. J Neurosurg, 2007, 107:43-48.34 Cruccu G, Aziz TZ, Garcia-Larrea L, et al. EFNS guidelines on neurostimulation therapy for neuropathic pain[J]. Eur J Neurol, 2007, 14:952-970.35 Fontaine D, Hamani C, Lozano A. Efficacy and safety of motor cortex stimulation for chronic neuropathic pain:critical review of the literature[J]. J Neurosurg, 2009, 110:251-256.36 Khedr EM, Kotb H, Kamel NF, et al. Longlasting antalgic effects of daily sessions of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in central and peripheral neuropathic pain[J]. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2005, 76:833-838.37 Owen SL, Green AL, Stein JF, et al. Deep brain stimulation for the alleviation of post-stroke neuropathic pain[J]. Pain, 2006, 120:202-206.38 Bae SH, Kin GD, Kim KY. Analgesic effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on central post-stroke pain[J]. Tohoku J Exp Med, 2014, 234:189-195.38 Mc Geoch PD, Williams LE, Lee RR, et al. Behavioural evidence for vestibular stimulation as a treatment for central post stroke pain[J]. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2008, 79:1298-1301. |