Abstract: Cerebral small vessel disease is a Microangiopathic disease of a variety of causes,mainly involving the cerebral small artery about diameter of 400μm below. Clinical manifestationsof cerebral small vessel disease as a static cerebral lesions, all kinds of lacunar syndrome andvascular cognitive impairment, imagings show lacunar infarct, white matter ischemic damage,micro-bleeding and vascular space to expand. Changes of blood-brain barrier permeability andcerebral small vessel disease have important relationships, namely, the dysfunctions of vascularendothelial and related structures leading to increased blood-brain barrier permeability, causingleakage of blood components to the tissues around blood vessels and brain parenchyma, secondarythe corresponding pathophysiological changes, which leads to cerebral small vessel disease relatedto imaging and pathological changes.

Key words: Cerebral arterial diseases; Blood-brain barrier; Osmosis; Pathologic processes

摘要： 脑小血管病是指主要累及直径400μm以下的脑微小动脉血管病，临床表现为无症状性脑梗死，各种腔隙综合征和血管性认知功能障碍，影像学表现为腔隙性脑梗死灶，脑白质缺血性损害，微出血及血管间隙扩大的多种病因性疾病。血脑屏障渗透性的改变与脑小血管病之间有着重要的关系，即血管内皮及相关结构功能障碍导致血脑屏障渗透性增加，造成血液成分漏出到血管周围组织和脑实质内，继发相应的病理生理改变，导致脑小血管病相关的影像学和病理变化。

关键词: 脑动脉疾病; 血脑屏障; 渗透; 病理过程