中国卒中杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (08): 855-860.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2021.08.018

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

经颅直流电刺激在卒中后吞咽障碍康复治疗中的应用研究进展

李安, 夏艳秋, 傅建玲, 袁梦, 郭馨予, 崔丽君   

  1. 1南充 637000川北医学院护理学院
    2川北医学院附属医院胃肠外科,护理部
    3陆军军医大学第二附属医院血液病医学中心
    4四川大学华西第二医院新生儿科
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-18 出版日期:2021-08-20 发布日期:2021-08-20
  • 通讯作者: 崔丽君 1473860168@qq.com

Progress of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Rehabilitation of Post-Stroke Dysphagia

  • Received:2021-02-18 Online:2021-08-20 Published:2021-08-20

摘要: 卒中后吞咽障碍可能是由吞咽皮质中枢、皮质下行纤维、延髓吞咽中枢及锥体外系损伤 所致,目前尚无特异性治疗方法,临床干预以直接训练和间接训练等康复治疗为主。经颅直流电刺激 (transcranial direct current stimulation,tDCS)是通过直流电刺激来改变神经可塑性和皮质兴奋性,以 改善各种神经、精神疾病的神经刺激治疗手段。近年来,研究者逐渐重视tDCS对大脑活动的调节作 用和生理效应,并对tDCS刺激神经网络的作用机制展开探索。本研究从tDCS的神经作用机制、刺激 参数以及刺激后效应等方面阐述tDCS的研究进展,以期为卒中后吞咽障碍患者寻找有效的康复方式, 并为未来的研究提供依据。

文章导读: tDCS已经逐渐被应用于卒中后吞咽障碍的康复治疗,但目前研究尚未明确其最佳治疗时机及刺激的部位、参数、频次等具体治疗策略,尚需前瞻性、大样本、多中心的研究进行深入探索。

关键词: 卒中; 吞咽障碍; 康复; 经颅直流电刺激

Abstract: Post-stroke dysphagia may be caused by the damage of swallowing cortical center, descending cortical fibers, medullary swallowing center, and extrapyramidal system. So far, there is no specific treatment for dysphagia, and the main interventions are rehabilitation such as direct and indirect training. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neurostimulation treatment that modifies neuroplasticity and cortical excitability through direct current stimulation, to improve a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders. In recent years, researchers have gradually paid attention to the regulatory and physiological effects of tDCS on brain activity, and been exploring the mechanism of tDCS in stimulating neural networks. This review elaborated the research progress of tDCS from the aspects of neural mechanism, stimulation parameters and poststimulation effects of tDCS, to provide the basis for the current and future research to find effective rehabilitation methods for post-stroke dysphagia.

Key words: Stroke; Dysphagia; Rehabilitation; Transcranial direct current stimulation