中国卒中杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (03): 367-371.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2023.03.018

• 新型临床试验设计与解读 • 上一篇    下一篇

单病例随机对照试验

金奥铭, 秦宗实, 商洪才, 谷鸿秋   

  1. 1 北京 100070首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院,国家神经系统疾病临床医学研究中心
    2 北京大学临床研究所项目开发与管理部
    3 北京中医药大学中医内科学教育部重点实验室
    4 首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院,国家神经系统疾病医疗质量控制中心

  • 收稿日期:2023-01-13 出版日期:2023-03-20 发布日期:2023-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 谷鸿秋 guhongqiu@yeah.net

N-of-1 Trial

  • Received:2023-01-13 Online:2023-03-20 Published:2023-03-20

摘要: 设计良好、管理严格、分析严谨的随机对照试验是评价群体治疗效果的金标准,但是因其严格的纳入与排除标准无法为特定患者的治疗决策提供证据。单病例随机对照试验是对患者个体进行的多轮交叉随机对照试验,以患者为中心,旨在确定该患者的最佳治疗策略。本文简要介绍单病例随机对照试验的基本概念、历史渊源及发展、研究设计、统计方法及报告规范等,以期帮助临床研究者更好地认识、了解、掌握运用此类研究设计。

关键词: 单病例试验; 临床试验; 研究设计

Abstract: The well-designed, strictly managed, and rigorously analyzed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for evaluating cluster treatment efficacy, while RCTs cannot provide such evidence for specific individual treatment decisions because of the strict enrollment and exclusion criteria. N-of-1 trial refers to a prospective, multiple crossover, randomized controlled, single participant trial. It focuses on the individual patient and aims to identify the “best” treatment for this patient. The article briefly introduced the basic concept, history and development, study design, statistical analysis, and reporting standards of N-of-1 trials, to help clinical researchers understand and apply this kind of study design much better. 

Key words: N-of-1 trial; Clinical trial; Study design