关键词: 卒中; 青年; 危险因素; 病因学

Abstract: Objective To investigate the risk factors and imaging results of stroke in young adults, and to explore the risk factors and etiological characteristics of stroke in young adults.Methods We retrospectively collected the medical records of stroke in young adults(18-44 years old) hospitalized in the department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University during the period from Jan 2002 to Dec 2010, enrolled a total of 274 cases. And stratified random sample of middle-aged stroke patients(aged 45 and above) in the same period, enrolled a total of 300 cases. Then we analyzed their risk factors and etiology characteristics.Results ①In the young stroke group, a total of 229 cases of ischemic stroke(83.58%), men accounted for 211 cases(77.01%); The age of 40 to 44 years old patients with a total of 160 cases(58.39%); ②In the young stroke group,hypertension is 179 cases(65.33%), smoking is 162 cases(59.12%), alcohol is 123 cases(44.89%), Hyperhomocysteinemia is 100 cases(39.84%), obesity is 86 cases(31.39%), compared with the elderly age group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); 156 cases of hyperlipidemia(56.93%) was no statistically significant between the two groups(P>0.05); ③Typing of ischemic stroke according to TOAST etiology, large artery atherosclerosis is 100 cases(44.25%) and small artery atherosclerosis is 66 cases(29.20%) in the young stroke group, compared with the elderly age group, the difference was statisticallysignificant(P<0.05); ④Intracranial and extracranial blood vessels of stroke in young adults is better than the older group,the ratio(26.55%) of those the main arterial are abnormal was higher than the older group(15.79%), the mild to moderate and severe arterial stenosis rate of the young group(46.02% and 7.96%) is lower than the elderly age group(50.20% and 17.81%), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions ①Stroke in young adults is more common in ischemic stroke and male, patients aged 40 to 44 accounted for more than 1/2; ②The main risk factors for stroke in young adults followed by hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, alcohol consumption, Hyperhomocysteinemia and obesity; In addition, the percentages of hypertension,smoking, hyperlipidemia,Hyperhomocysteinemia are increasing year by year; ③The main causes for ischemic stroke in young adults the large artery atherosclerosis, followed by small artery occlusion; The other causes are diversified. ④Intracranial and extracranial blood vessels of stroke in young adults are better than the elderly age group.

Key words: Stroke; young adults; Risk factors; Etiology