关键词: 颈动脉; 超声筛查; 卒中高危人群

Abstract:

Objective To investigate carotid atherosclerosis in population over age 40 with high risk of stroke, and to provide scientific evidence for formulating intervention measures. Methods This study was a cross-sectional study, based on the principle of voluntariness and informed consent 1729 cases with high-risk of stroke were sampled from those residents with age more than 40 by using stroke questionnaire survey. All high-risk groups underwent medical examination, laboratory tests and carotid artery ultrasound examination (detection of carotid artery intima-media and plaque morphology). Results In the 1729 high-risk cases, 453 cases were male (26.2%), 1276 cases were female (73.8%), with an average age of (58.8±9.6). Carotid ultrasound showed 833 cases (48.2%) with abnormalities, including carotid intima-media (intima-media thickness, IMT) simple thickening were 98 cases (5.7% of the total high-risk population, 25.1% of ultrasound abnormalities), the carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques were 735 cases (42.5% of the total high-risk population, 88.2% of ultrasound abnormalities). Stratified by age, 40~49, 50~59, 60~69, older than 70, 4 age groups on the left IMT thickening (χ 2=15.5, P =0.001) and right IMT thickening (χ 2=26.7, P <0.001) were significantly different; for different age groups atherosclerotic plaque ratio was also a significant difference (χ 2=48.6, P <0.001). Conclusion In population with high risk of stroke, the rates of abnormal carotid ultrasound are high, and carotid intimal thickening and atherosclerotic plaque formation increase with age growing.

Key words: Carotid artery; Ultrasound screening; Stroke risk groups